Ab Hoving

Hello Eberhardt, Mr. Schmidt seems to have a great idea for sails during a windless moment. To capture such moments in hanging sails is one of the most difficult things to achieve. I wonder if it works for billowing sails as well. Anyway, I wil reactivate my contacts with my former collegues, hoping they can help me testing this new idea. Thanks for your reaction and also to all the people who 'liked' my contribution. I suppose we can safely close this thread now. Ab

I left this thread alone for a long time. Not because I lost interest, but there were so many more things on my table (an on my mind actually). First I should get back to the discussion about the materials used for sails. I always used a very fine linen cloth to bellow it with starch and a hair dryer, but the bottom of my stock becomes visible and wefalck suggested I might give paper a try. In itself that seemed logical, as I am using paper for the hulls as well, but I never found my way in 'building' sails. A former colleague at the museum directed me to a gentleman in Haarlem (also a restorer) who had stocks of all sorts of paper. Indeed he was kind enough to supply me with some various sizes of wonderful hand made Japanese paper. I tried to make sails with it, but never succeeded in producing a real natural shape with it. Another former colleague sent me new textile material. Not exactly what I used before, but very well suitable for my purposes. So I made new sails for the yacht with it. Originally the question of the material used arose because my sails always look too clean and tidy. I thought it was impossible to apply paint after I used starch to get a natural shaped sail. For reasons of practicing Seahorse's method of double planking paper hulls without the use of filler I needed draughts of a simple vessel. I chose a tartan from Chapman's wonderful collection of draughts Architectura Navalis Mercatoria because of its simple shape and I successfully applied Seahorse's method in the construction of the hull (thank you Tomek). Rigging a lateen sail ship is very quick compared with square rigged ships, so I thought I give painting its sails a try. If things went wrong it would not take much time and effort to replace them. Anyway, painting starched sails with Acrylic paint appeared to be possible indeed, although I need a lot of practice before the result will be really satisfying. I like this small vessel with its exiting lines very much and wonder why I always get back to Dutch vessels. Probably because foreign ones ask so many more questions I cannot answer than Dutch ones... A week later my son and I received a request to do a book sleeve for a book about a fluit ship that was taken by a North African corsair. Pure coincidence. Once the real pictures are taken and Emiel has done his graphic job I will show the results. In the mean time my miracle-Belgium friend Rene Hendrickx finished the 3D model of the pleasure vessel and since this little boat is still the subject of this thread (believe it or not) I can offer the draught to anyone who wants to build this lovely ship type and we even have the shape of the planks right now. If you have the free downloadable shipbuilding program DELFTShip on your 64-bits computer, I can even send you the file, so you can view this model in 3D inside and out. Just send me a PM in case you are interested. Back to the working table, where a Dutch 1600 galley waits for my attention. Another project I got lured into by my former boss at the museum, Peter Sigmond, who is about to publish a book about that stormy period in Dutch history. But that model is again part of a totally different story, maybe another time...

The interior and the decks and their naming are dependent of the sort of fluit. As you know the type was extremely versatile and the internal devision varies just as much. In the case of the Zeehaen, a VOC fluit, it is very much like the usual devision. A - Hold B - Cable tier C - Hell (small compartment used as detention space) D - Cheese and bread room E - Powder room F - Lower deck (in Dutch: overloop. comp.: orlop) G - Gun room (In Dutch: konstabelskamer) H - Upper deck (in Dutch: verdek) I - Forecastle (in Dutch: bak) covered by the 'bakdek'. J - Steering stand (in Dutch: schans or stuurplecht) covered by the 'halfdek' K - Captain's cabin (in Dutch: kajuit) L - Upper cabin (in Dutch: hut) covered by the 'campagnedek'. For the simple mostly smaller cargo variant the lower deck was called 'koebrug'. It was only used for storage of goods which have to be kept dry and was not accessible for the crew. The crew's quarters are behind the koebrug and behind that is the cabin, which was used by the whole crew. The skipper used the upper cabin above. On such ships discipline was much different from men-of-war or East-India-men. The crew was small (about 12 men), of which most of them were very familiar, originating from the same village or region. Food was better too and not rationed. I hope this explains it a bit.

Your project almost starts to resemble a restoration project. 🙂

Seems to me that at least you should try to get both sides equal. The truth is in the draught...

OK, here comes how to create a curved shape inside a vessel. First create a plank the way we did last time. X 2.54/2.60 , Y 0.95/100 , Z 0.00/1.00, new layer Change the name of the new layer Delete all stations Create station 2.54 Create station 2.60 Move the lower side of the plank to the center. Select four lower points by pressing Ctr and dragging with the mouse around the points and move them to the center Select two points and drag them 5 centimeters up Center the four lower points. Drag the four points to the bottom of the frame. Drag these four points to the underside of the frame Select the four long lines and split, and the same for the upper and lower half Select the 12 points that were created this way and drag until the upper and lowerpoints touch the frame. Select the four middle points and drag them till they touch the frame Select Perspective and take the four upper points. Change Y until the lines match Match the lower points by moving Z and Y an equal numbers Make all layers visible again Open Layers and change color A blue frame is made just behind the bench That's how simple it is...

OK Bruce, I will pass your thanks to Rene, he is the man. Ab

Just a short comment about using iron chains for anchors (though I know I am late): Up to the nineteenth century metallurgic knowledge did not come much farther than mixing ores from various origins: tough metal from Sweden, hard from Spain, all depending of the percentage of carbon. These mixes were always a result of trial and error. Because of that every iron object was tested first: Anchors were dropped on a stone or on an old cannon and if it bended or cracked, it was rejected. Coats of arm were literally shot at with muskets. We had therm in our collection, a dent was proof that the object had passed the test. A chain is as strong as its weakest link. With the knowledge our craftsmen had in those days chains for anchors were more than a risk. One weak link was enough. Stay with rope, please.

OK, here comes the first lesson in adding objects or parts inside the created 'shell'. Let's for instance create a bench in our vessel at 260 cm from the stern. choose Tool and then Box. In the pop-up screen choose X 2.6 m distance to the stern, X 2.9 for the width of the plank. Y 0 m to the centerline, Y 1 m for the half width of the plank Z 0.6 hight above base line (lowest point of hull, Z 0.64 for the thickness of the plank. Create a new Layer: check. Next time how to create a bended shape, for instance a frame.

The problem with Rene's command of foreign languages is that he, being Belgium, is more oriented toward French than toward te English language. That's why I am trying to intervene in passing his considerable knowledge to this forum in the appropriate language. Be patient, I am sure he is willing to help you out.

Every part of the ship I showed was made with DELFTship. If you want to know how, I will have to ask Rene, but I think there is a function in the program that allows you to start with a choice of several shapes, after which they can be 'deformed' as you like.

Congratulations Markus. This time it will work. The 'man' 🙂

Import body plan. Choose Front Open edit background images Import body plan Match base and center line Alingn transom Match aft frames Align fore station lines repeat aft station lines, starting from the outside. Here is the new lines plan When we created the lines plan for the ship I showed on Januari 7 as an example of what Delftship was capable of, we worked solely from the specification contract in Witsen's book from 1671, so without a base lines plan. The contract specified eight frames with on every frame seven or eight positions. That was of course much more complicated than this example, but the program allows for such actions. Even with less stations DELFTship, being a ship design program, fairs the lines and completes the shape of the vessel. It takes a while to master it, but Rene even succeeded in shaping the carvings with this program: Also the entire interior of the ship was built, which allows other specialists to convert it into a program allowing visitors to explore the ship in and out. This will be published soon on an internet site, accessible for anyone who is interested. Thanks for your attention.

Here is how to insert the top view: Select 'top' in DELFTship. Then: 'edit background images'. Choose your top view and import it into DELFTship Click and hold top view and drag it until stern and centerline are equal to the DELFTship stern and centerline. Stretch it till they fit. Click and drag the DELFTship lines until they match with the new design, just like you did in the side view. Next time the body plan, but I think the system becomes clear now...

How to import the side view. Choose side view and edit background. Open import background image and select ZAZ and open. Click and hold to match the sterns Click and hold the right top of the yellow image and stretch until both hulls match. Check and double check. Do the same for the bottom until they match ate the bottom line. Click on the yellow part, which turns to white. Now click and hold several points on the DELFTship hull and drag them to the new shape until they match. Make sure that in the end the fat black lines match perfectly. This takes some experience. Now the outlines should be equal. Next time: same procedure in top view and body plan.

Marcus, Why do your four forward frames curve inwards at the top?

Before a lines plan can be inserted in DELFTship the elevation view, the top view and the body plan have to be separated. As an example Rene took a lines plan of a sloop he previously made in DELFTship. The shape differs from the default DELFTship hull. Next time he will bring it into the program and show how the shape can be adjusted. Here the newly made lines plan: Separated into an elevation view, a top view And a body plan. See you next time.

What we are doing here is all possible in the free version. The lines plan will follow soon. This is 'a 12 steps program' :-). It takes several steps to insert a lines plan, we'll do one after another. If there are any questions on our way there, just scream. The system differs a bit from other programs, which sometimes causes troubles with experienced users who worked with other systems, so stay close.

No, they are not from the free version, but as far as I know that makes no difference. I will ask Rene. (We both received a free professional version by the DELFTShip company after they found out what we did with their program)

Here is the procedure to insert a lines plan. We use a stern and 5 station frames. The fewer stations the better the fairing. So we will remove 20 frames and insert 5 new ones. The shell has 5 frames now. The points of the grid are on the skin only where there is a sharp bend.

Hereby the first suggestions by Rene: 1 By default DELFTShip offers a pattern for a classical type of yacht. The first challenge is to change that into the shape you want. Here the modified dimensions: Save as whatever you want. Here is the file:SLOEP.fbm Next time more.

Excellent Marcus, you are on the right track now! Next be aware that your real planks should curve upwards to the stern to get the sheer you want. Always keep an eye on the lines....

Hi Kris, Personally I am not a man with enough skills and knowledge to make you any wiser, but I work with my favorite - co-operator Rene Hendrickx. I asked him to make a sort of mini tutorial how to transfer a 2D lines plan into a 3D image with the help of DELFTship. I will post his contribution here as soon a possible. Hope it will bring you some new insights. Ab Oh, and eh... the ship I showed is a masterpiece indeed. We worked almost three years on it and it is now in the process of being worked around in a virtual world environment on an internet site, allowing you to walk around in the ship and extracting information from every constructional part of the vessel. 'Soon to be seen in this theatre...':-)

Ever heard of DELFTSHIP? Free downloadable ship design program. Only a few points at the surface of a hull are enough to get a perfectly designed hull.

Call them what you want. You want to complete the missing parts of the top timbers and find their shapes. You can do that by making molds, for instance from card that you fit and adjust to the inside of the flexible battens until you have found the right shape of every missing part.