The SainSmart 3020 CNC Router (300mm X 200mm Table Size) Un-boxing and Assembly - Thibaultron

[Thistle17]

I will give your suggestion a try Ron. Thanks.

Joe

[thibaultron]

I'll post more later, but I just finished cutting my first Spoil Board today! Has all 30 holes for the clamps with 6 of them recessed for machine screws to hold it down. I still have to create a program to mill the top flat, but have been struggling with Software Limit issues. Even a canned routine will not run. More to figure out. The board is 1/2" MDF, rather than the standard 1/4", to allow for the screws. I don't like the idea of holding the board down with blue tape for long periods, as even Blue Tape will leave deposits after an extended period.

[thibaultron]

[thibaultron]

Part 13

 

Finished the first spoil board for the 3020. It was a long road with a lot of learning curve (software design and cutting, as well as hardware).

 

I used the 30 day Easel CNC Pro trial version to design the spoil board, which I’ll detail later. The only Pro feature I used was the Ramped Cutting one. This starts the cut at the level of the finish of the last step and ramps the cut down at either 5 or 20 degrees, to get to the next cut depth. Most of the cutting bits available for these machines cannot do plunge cuts (drilling type). The ramp allows the bit to cut down at an angle, reducing the stresses over just cutting directly down to the next depth. I’ll have to redo the design in CarveCo, once I learn how to use it. I’ve found the best way for me to learn such software, is to just go ahead and design something, so that is not a problem. At least I know that all the holes are in the right spot. One thing I will have to change is the depth of the cuts for the through holes. I’m using ½” MDF, so I set the depth at 12.7mm. Unlike modern plywood in the US, which runs 1/32” thinner than the standard old dimensions, my ½” MDF seems to be slightly thicker than ½”, and the holes did not penetrate all the way through.

The standard design for spoil boards for this size machine is one ¼” thick, held in place with the Blue Tape and Superglue method. That method has you put a complete layer of Blue Painter’s Tape on the bed and bottom of the work piece. The tape strips are placed as close to each other as possible, without the edges overlapping. You then run a bead of superglue down the center of each strip, on the bed, and spray glue accelerator on the tape on the work piece. Then you carefully align the work piece and press it down. The tape holds well enough to both parts to provide a good attachment for most cuts. After you are done, you pry up one corner of the workpiece with a chisel or screwdriver. This breaks the tape’s hold, and you can pull off the workpiece. Then you peal the two superglued layers of tape off of the bed.

 

The picture below shows a quick example of a layer of tape applied to the finished spoil board. Normally I would not have that exposed section on the right, and I would have trimmed the loose ends. Next time I will buy thick superglue, not the Gel type shown. The gel type is very hard to get to the tip of the bottle. I have to bang the tip (with the cap on, of course) on the table several times to get the glue to fall into the tip area.

 

 

I like this method for work pieces, but would prefer to bolt the spoil board to the bed. I’m not going to be using the machine as someone would for a business, so the spoil board will not be changed as often as if I was running it 8 or so hours each day. Thus if I used the tape method it might have to survive months between board changes, not weeks. I don’t trust the tape bond over a long time span. Thus to allow for the bolt heads, I went with the ½” MDF.

 

Anyway, the design is for a ½” thick MDF spoil board held down with 6 recessed screws, one in each corner and two in the center, with 30 holes drilled to match those in the bed. The corner holes and the two center holes are not that useful as hold downs for the type of clamps supplied with the router, so the bolts occupying them should not greatly affect the clamping ability of the spoil board. Below is a picture of the finished spoil board to this point (milling it flat, later, will be the final step).

 

I found that the software limit settings did play an important role in cutting this board. The Easel CNC software defaults to the origin being the lower left corner, rather than the machine’s upper right, so I ran the tool to the bottom left corner, using the limits to set that location. There may be a way to change this in Easel, but I decided to just “Go with the flow.”, for this first design. I’ll detail the design process in a later post, as well as when I redo it in CarveCo. I designed it using the 30 day trial version of Easel Pro. Unfortunately due to preparing for, going on a weeklong Thanksgiving vacation, and doing all the normal activities skipped at home during same, I was delayed in starting the board for 3 weeks. I finished cutting the boards below and making the last correction 6 hours after the trial expired! This means that the ramp function was removed from my final version of the files, thus the need to redo it in CarveCo.

 

I started with the design cut into a piece of ¾” plywood. This gave me some added margin of error, if I accidentally set some cuts too deep, or some other problem cropped up.

 

I ran the spindle to the lower left with a “V” bit installed to show me were that “0” location was, and placed tape along the edge of the bed to help me align the work piece. I clamped the plywood using the blue tape method (above), and started the machining.

 

 

 

There were a number of problems I ran into:

1.       My first laptop developed a severe heat problem, and eventually died. Luckily I had an older laptop, and was able to switch my hard drive over to it, and continue.

2.      I have not built a case for the machine, and the laptop is sitting next to the router. This was depositing a fair amount of sawdust onto the computer!

3.      Vacuuming the sawdust off the computer while you are cutting, is a pain, especially if you accidentally hit the power button, while doing so, shutting down the computer in the middle of the job!

4.      Pausing the job in the middle, due to the Admiral calling you off to do something else, doesn’t work, at least with my laptop! The job was locked up both times I tried it.

5.      You have to babysit the router the whole time it is cutting, as Murphy dictates that bad things will happen as soon as you step away.

6.      You have to periodically vacuum up the sawdust/shavings, anyway.

7.      Don’t accidentally hit the power switch on your power strip with the vacuum cleaner hose while the job is running, either!

8.      Having to restart an hour or two long job, halfway through due to any of the above problems, is really aggravating!!!!

9.      Enclosure needed! Cutting MDF left me covered in a layer of MDF dust, even with regular vacuuming!

10.  It is safer to move the mouse every few minutes to make sure that the laptop is not turning anything off.

11.  Don’t try doing anything else on the computer (at least an older one like this), as the G-Code program may crash! It apparently uses a lot of computer resources!

 

I did find that returning the machine to the starting point (sometimes several times) was reliable, at least.

 

I set the cutting speeds very conservatively, so the jobs probably could have been run in shorter times. I read that the router should be creating chips not sawdust, otherwise you can overheat the wood or the cutter. My settings were mostly making sawdust. I checked after the finish of each job, and the bit was not heating up, though.

 

I cut the clearance holes first.

 

 

 

 

The first solution I tried to keep the sawdust off the computer, was to place a storage tub top between the machine and the laptop.

 

This worked, but blocked my view of the computer screen, and access to the mouse. I found an old box and cut it to use as a block.

 

 

This worked well as a temporary measure.

 

After the clearance holes were finished, I cut the through holes.

 

I had cut the through holes in the plywood 12mm deep, planning to drill them the rest of the way through, using the existing holes, as a guide. This would have worked, if my drill press was not presently buried, trying to do this by hand allowed the holes to wonder, and many of them did not clear the bed holes. This did show some errors in the design, that I was able to correct for the final design, though. Another problem I found was that the screw heads were thicker than I had thought, and I deepened the clearance holes by another 4mm, to give more clearance for miscuts, during regular use. In the future I will grind the tops of the bolts down some, for added clearance. Presently I have about 5/32nds” (4mm) of clearance between the top of the screw and the surface of the spoil board. I’d like to get that up to ¼” (6mm).

 

This is a shot of the first version of the finished plywood board, I later cut the clearance holes deeper, for the added clearance. The black marks indicate where the drill holes wandered off center, blocking the bed holes.

 

 

This is one of the screws installed.

 

 

I used a “V” bit and ran the machine by “hand” from the computer, to mark the limits of where the tool bits can cut. See the lines by the screw head above.

 

Using the lines on the ¾” plywood, for alignment of both the “0” position, and getting the board square, I mounted a piece of ½” MDF and cut my first spoil board. As I said above, the through holes did not go all the way through, but I only had to drill out a thin skin to complete them.

 

 

 After sanding the top and using a large flat file to get rid of some slight existing ridges around the holes (top and bottom), I mounted it, with 12mm long 6mm screws.

 

 

 

The final step will be to use a 24mm flat bit to mill the spoil board surface flat and parallel to the bed and spindle. I found a canned program to do this, but it runs into problems with the software limits. I’ll have to investigate this further, or design my own program.

 

 

[mtaylor]

If you're using Windows (depending on the version if I remember right) there's setting to turn off "sleep" mode or whatever they're calling it these days.  It keeps the screen, HDD, and processor running.

[thibaultron]

I've turned all that off, already, the laptop still wants attention, regularly. Its old, and I guess lonely.

 

Seriously, yes, I've corrected all those settings, but my laptop still needs me to move the mouse now and then. Thanks though!

[mtaylor]

8 minutes ago, thibaultron said:

I've turned all that off, already, the laptop still wants attention, regularly. Its old, and I guess lonely.

 

Seriously, yes, I've corrected all those settings, but my laptop still needs me to move the mouse now and then. Thanks though!

 

I've tried those settings also and my PC and laptop drop off at times.  Not consistantly though.  But then, I'm using Windows 7.

[thibaultron]

Just as a note to us USA members: At Home Depot, at least, the 1/2" nominal MDF is 13mm thick, not 12.7mm, and the 1/4" nominal MDF is 6mm, not 6.35mm.

[thibaultron]

Well, I finally got the routine for skimming the top surface of the spoil board to work.  Unfortunately, the bit left slight groves on the surface, which means my machine is slightly out of true! I don't know if I assembled it wrong, or when I took the spindle assembly apart I got it back together out of square. I'm going to have to get my surface plate out, and go "Full Metal Machinist" on it.

[thibaultron]

Part 14

 

I redesigned the cabinet for the router. The first design had a notch cut out of the bottom front to allow a little more head room, for my head. The machine will be on a shelf over my work bench, and I was allowing a little more room to prevent banging my head getting up and down.

 

 

The “temporary” shelf I put up is 24” wide though, and I have not been having any trouble with hitting it so I changed it so the bottom corner is square, greatly simplifying the cutting and construction. This , of course means that once built I’ll be banging into it all the time! LOL!

 

Here is a graphic of the cabinet design.

 

 

I designed it so that the sides overlap the top, back and bottom, hiding those seams, and the door and front overlap the sides. I’ve left the top, bottom, and front overly long. I’m going to assemble them with the excess hanging past the final edge, and then trim them flush with my hand router, once the cabinet is assembled. This gives me “wiggle room”  for cutting mistakes. The door will also be over long, and I will mark it once installed and cut the overhang off with a saw. I also plan to cut out the two sides slightly over size, then screw them together and finish cut them as a unit, to insure they match.

 

The graphic below shows the parts assembled, before trimming (The overhangs are exaggerated).

 

[thibaultron]

Part 015 Adjusting My Router – Making Mistakes, So You Don’t Have To! Part 1

 

After trying to surface a test board, I found that the 1” bit was leaving shallow concave groves on the surface. This indicates that the spindle is not perpendicular to the surface, or as I found out later, the X-Axis and Y-Axis travel.

 

I assumed that the table surface was both flat and aligned to the axis travel. It was neither, but I’ll get to that later.

 

I want to be able to do some moderately accurate machining on this device as well as routing. The shallow groves that were left on the test board, might also affect the hold of the tape and superglue method of attaching work pieces, though they were shallow enough to not be a big factor. So I decided to go “Full Metal Machinist” on it! The “Full Metal Machinist” is a play on the title of an Anime series “Full Metal Alchemist”.

 

While I sold most of my large metal working machines, I still have a small metal lathe, and a good selection of measuring tools, so I decided to use those tools to improve the “Squareness” of the frame of my machine.

 

I have a 12” X 18” granite surface plate, that I used, but a flat piece of thick glass (well supported and used with care), or board could also be used. I bought the surface plate almost 25 years ago, and never used it, so as long as I had it, I might as well use it now. Yes, in the pictures a couple of the corners are chipped, but I can’t remember if they were so when I bought it, I do remember it was on sale.

 

 

First I removed the rubber feet and set the assembly on the plate, it did rock a bit, indicating that something was wrong. I loosened the screws attaching the uprights and pressed down on the base, a slight ping was heard on one side and the base then set squarely down on the plate. The upright on that side was not properly aligned with the base, now it was. Remembering that I had had to move one of the X-Axis travel supports when I first setup the machine, I removed the whole upper assembly and placed it on the plate, it also rocked, probably do to my change torquing it. To fix this I ran the spindle assembly to one side to keep the supports properly spaced, then loosened one support at a time, while pressing down on the upright and support to insure they were flat to the plate, then I tightened the screws. Moving the assembly to the other side, I repeated the process.

Now it too laid down flat, insuring it was in line also. I used my machinist square to check the squareness of the uprights to the traveler supports, and they were good.

 

Ignore the small wedge in the photo below on the X-Axis knob assembly, that will be explained later. I forgot to take this picture the first time, so this photo is from further along in the process.

 

 

I reassembled the router while it was again on the plate to insure the uprights and the base were aligned.

 

I mentioned at the beginning that the “T” Nuts supplied with the machine had a spring loaded ball that was supposed to hold the nut in place while you attached the upper assembly, but that many of them still moved or fell out while trying to assemble the parts, the first time. This time around, I cut narrow strips of cardstock and found two layers inserted in the groves held most of them firmly in place. Two still gave me trouble, but that was better than several, and three strips was too thick for the rest of them.

 

 

Using a 123 block and my square the alignment looked good. The block is sitting only on the frame side rail, there is a slight lip where the back frame piece and it meet.

 

 

Before I took the machine apart I was having problems with the X-Axis binding at the end with the knob, another reason I went through all this. After I had it reassembled, I ran the spindle assembly back and forth with the knob, and it was still definitely binding at that end! I removed the mounting screws for the knob bearing and the binding disappeared, so there was something wrong with the mount. I ran the spindle all the way up against the upright and looked at the position of the mount, in relation to the screw holes. If the lower screw was installed finger tight, everything was OK, but the upper mount screw hole did not aligned with its hole on the upright. I drilled that hole out a little and installed the screw, but binding still occurred. I looked at it more closely and with the upper screw loosened, I saw a slight gap between the mount and the upright. A cardstock shim took care of the problem (see the photo two pictures above this one). I moved the spindle assembly back to the servo end, and loosened the X-Axis servo mounting screws and shifted it a little to get that end of the feed screw to slide freely into the coupler. This eliminated the binding.

 

 

 

With a milling machine, one of the first things you do is level the head of the machine. For most of the milling machines we would use, the head/spindle is fixed in relation to the Y-Axis, but can be tilted left or right in relation to the X-Axis. This allows you the drill holes or mill a side at an angle. For normal milling you need to insure that the head is perpendicular to the table surface. You do this with a Z shaped holder and a Dial Gauge. So I made a setup for my spindle to do this.

 

I took a ¼” Allen Wrench and a 7mm Allen wrench and super glued them as shown in the picture below. I bought Sainsmart’s 15 piece collets set when I bought the router, as I knew I would at least need the ¼” collet, and I got a discount on it when I bought it with a cutter set. I’m glad I did as the largest collet was a 7mm, which fit the ¼” Allen wrench, (remember the flats on the wrench are ¼” apart the tips fit the 7mm collet). The tips of the 7mm wrench fit the 3/8” clamp on my dial gauge. I positioned the spindle at the center of the table, X and Y, and set the position of the dial gauge midway between the Y-Axis table edge and the first etched guide line closest to it (95mm from Center). I used cheap Allen Wrenches, and will keep this setup for future use.

 

 

 

Using this setup the Y-Axis measured 0.050” higher at the front than the matching position at the back, and the X-Axis measured 0.057” higher at the left side of the table!

 

As this did not make sense if the table is both flat and aligned with the Y-Axis slide rods, I measured the table in relation to the front and back base frame pieces, as well as the side ones. Here is a drawing of the results.

 

 

As you can see the table casting is warped along a line from the upper right corner to the lower left corner, sort of like a slice of bread held at opposing corners when held in the air. The warp is about 0.010”. The Y-Axis table heights are much better, only 0.002” difference. The X-Axis is not as good. The left side is 0.014” lower than the right.

 

Because the table is level in the Y-Axis direction,  the Y-Axis error can be corrected by tilting the whole upper assembly (forward in this case), I did not worry about it now. The X-Axis is a whole other problem!

 

There are four ways to fix the X-Axis:

1.      Ignore it. If, you are doing small pieces it may not make enough difference to bother making mods to your machine, but if you are doing larger ones this will cause a lot of carving to get even depth cuts.

2.      Use a thick cutting board, and mill the top surface down a little more than 0.050”(~ 1 mm). This still leaves the problem that started this, the shallow groves.

3.      Raise or lower one of the uprights to make the X-Axis travelers match the angle of the table.

4.      Shim the table. This means you have to make custom shims for each linear bearing holding the table, a tedious endeavor, and means you need shim stock to start with.

 

I chose to go with the third option.

Here is where I made my first mistake. I was going with getting the spindle perpendicular to the table, which I was able to do with much work. Then I measured the height of the spindle to the table, and discovered that the X-Axis travel was over 1 mm higher on one side of the table than the other! Not good for any type of work, the X-Axis travel should always be parallel to the table! I will skip all that I went through doing it the wrong way, and go to how I finally did the adjustments.

 

 

Initially the left-hand measurement was 0.057”, but I was able to get it down to the 0.027” by loosening the mounting screws between the spindle travel assembly and the plate that mounts it to the X-Axis traveler linear bearings. This was all the adjustment the screw holes allowed. I did totally remove the spindle traveler, to see if I could enlarge the holes to allow more adjustment. Don’t do this!! I discovered that the assembly is held in place with four “T” nuts, all of which promptly slid all the way to the bottom of the channels in the extrusion which makes up the base. In the end there was not enough material to allow me to enlarge the holes, anyway. I ended up having to removed the spindle traveler bottom plate so that I could slide the “T” nuts (loosely screwed into the bolts) into the channels as I slid the rest of the assembly down over them. So 0.027” is the best I could do to correct this, and as it turned out, that was enough, in the end.

 

The spindle traveler removed from the machine, showing the “T” nuts.

 

 

This picture shows the plate that attaches to the linear bearings. The plate is riveted to the bearings, not screwed, so no adjustment possible here!

 

 

While from this side it looks like I could slot the screw holes horizontally, there is no meat to enlarge the holes vertically, and the other side has clearance holes machined for the screw heads with quite close tolerances, So way too much would have to be removed to make any further travel possible. Also there is too much risk of cutting up or down through the thin amount of material along the top and bottom edges, if I tried.

So the only adjustments left are making the table parallel to the X-Axis traveler and rotating the whole assembly forward or backward the align the spindle traveler/ spindle shaft to be perpendicular to the table surface. The X-Axis error I got out by lowering one upright and raising the other. Unfortunately, the mounting holes in the uprights did not have enough clearance to allow me to do this, fully. I chucked one of the 1/8” bits I bought for the router in my Dremel, and slotted the hole vertically to give me the clearance I needed. I used slight pressure so as not to break the bit. I got it done this way, but the bit was chewed up enough I will not use it for cutting on the machine.

 

 

To help with adjusting the height of the uprights I used some various thickness brass strips I got from K&S. I put one under an upright to raise it, or under the base extrusion to lower it. I loosened all the screws and only tightened the bottom back screw to hold the upright, in place, measured the result, I then went to the other side and adjusted that. After a few tries the situation vastly improved. I was able to get the X-Axis to within 0.12 mm (0.004”) of parallel side to side.

 

 

 

Leaving the strips in place I then slightly loosed the two back screws and rotated the whole assembly (forward in this case), to get Z-axis perpendicular front to back. I also got this within 0.004”. Not perfect, but I think within very reasonable alignment!

 

To measure the side to side alignment I used the machine itself. I placed that much abused 1/8” bit in the spindle and used the Z-Probe that comes with the tool and the Z-Probe function in the Grblcontrol program to measure the relative height at each side of the table. I moved the table to 0,100 mm (middle of the right side). Zeroed the Z-Axis height, then moved the spindle to the left 290 mm (291 mm is the maximum X-Axis travel), and used the probe function to find the height at that end. As I was looking to get both sides the same, I didn’t need absolute height, just the difference between the two sides.

 

The picture below shows the Z-Probe in use, at a later time.

 

 

To get the spindle perpendicular to the table, I used the dial indicator. You can’t use the machine, as the table travels under it, the spindle doe not travel across it. From my previous measurements, I knew that the table was already level with the Y-Axis slides. (in the middle, at least).

 

After that I tightened all the mounting screws, and rechecked that setup

 

The next Part will show the results of all this work.

[thibaultron]

Part 016 Adjusting My Router – Part 2

 

Now that I’d adjusted the machine, I ran a test on a piece of ¼” MDF, taped and glued to the reinstalled spoil board. This was the same test board I used when I discovered the concave groves the bit was cutting before. I used the Graham Bland code, I mentioned in a previous post. The file was the one for modified machines (ones where the X-Axis limit switch had been moved, as I had done). You can find a write-up on making the spoil boards as well as the code to do it, on his Facebook page. I designed my own spoil board as I detailed earlier, but used his code for surfacing and engraving it).

Here are photographs of the of the finished cut. The first is a close up of one corner, the second of the whole board. Nary a grove in sight!

 

 

 

To verify the flatness, I placed one edge of my machinist square on the surface, and shined a light behind it. No light leaked between the two, as would happen if they did not mate perfectly. The photo below shows this, though I apologize for it being a little out of focus.

 

 

Having finished verifying the improved performance, I removed the test board and ran the program on my real spoil board. The picture below shows the cut in progress. I didn’t stop the cut for the photo, the camera speed just froze the bit while it was rotating.

 

 

After the surfacing was done I ran his program to engrave an alignment pattern on it. His program only cuts 0.1 mm deep lines, which I found too shallow for my taste, so I ran it three times lowering the Z-Axis “0” point 0.1 mm each of the last two times.

 

 

To make the lines standout more, I ran a pencil down each line.

 

 

An additional note: to lubrication the slides and feed screws, I bought some Blaster Dry Lube with Teflon. This has a liquid base that evaporates after application leaving a Teflon coating that will not attract sawdust while still providing lubrication. The Teflon will build up after repeated applications, so you have to wipe the surfaces down, now and then. I also wipe up the overspray, and protect adjacent surfaces with paper masks.

 

 

[Kranck]

Hi!

I made my first steps with the 3018 PROver yesterday.

Lots of fun, but several issues to solve before getting some accuracy.

Getting from Fusion 360 to Candle and then actual routin is a laborious process...

 

I also find a lack of data about the usual settings for the milling of , say, plywood with this router.

You mentioned earlier that you used conservative parameters.

Do you mind sharing about it?

I first used a 3mm (imperial 1/8''?) corn-shaped end mill genmitsu sells with the machine, at 10 000 rpm and 1 mm optimal load but the results were quite disappointing.  Lots of vibrations too.

I'm trying to machine the bulkheads. Do you think other kind of bits shoud be appropriate?

Steep learning curve for a newbie

[thibaultron]

The corn endmills are not fast ones. I use one and two flute ones mostly, for wood. As for feeds etc., my machine is stronger than yours so my feeds would not work for yours. The idea is to adjust the feeds so that you are producing chips, not saw dust. Try a faster or slower feed, to see if you get better results. Try UGS for driving the router, after you create the G-Code with Fusion. Note: that the free version of Fusion, sets all speeds to that of the cutting feeds. Fusion Pro, Easel and most of the others, use a fast traverse speed between cutting areas.

 

Hope this helps!

[Kranck]

I see.

Thank you for your comments.

I'm hesitating buying a much more powerful CNC router such as the shapeoko, as I intend to use it a lot for the modeling hobby.

I admit that my CAD skills are much better than what I can do with my bare hands

[thibaultron]

Part 017 Building An Enclosure – Part 1

 

I’ve started building the enclosure, finally! I had a design finished, but then decided on some improvements to that design. After having the router on just my workbench, I found myself having to tilt it back after each job, to vacuum under it. My original enclosure design had it sitting on the bottom of the housing, meaning I’d have to do this, with less access and room. So I decided to raise the router up on a shelf, and cut the shelf so the sawdust and chips could fall past it, thus allowing me to remove the debris without having to move the router.

 

Some of the things I want to cut are larger than the bed of the machine, and you can do this by paneling. You put a longer piece on the bed, cut as much as you can, then slide the piece along and cut another area, etc. Tricky, but doable. I would need to do this to cut a keel piece for a plank on bulkhead model, for example. Bulkheads can be cut in one go, for any model I’m likely to ever build, but a keel may be 15” to 30” long for that model.

 

To allow for this I extended the window opening on the door so the bottom edge was below the table level, and the sides extend pass the edges of the table. Thus I can simply remove the window, so work pieces can pass through the opening. Once I get everything assembled, I’ll cut an opening in the back to allow for the same thing, and put a door over that cutout.

 

I left the case overly tall, so that I have room to add a light and a vacuum hose for removing chips right at the bit area. I also shortened the depth of the enclosure from 24” to 21” so it would not overhang my workbench.

 

Here are diagrams of the enclosure and the shelf. The enclosure is 3/8” plywood, and the shelf ¾” with a 2.25” gap under the bottom of the shelf for vacuum access. I would have liked a little more of a gap, but the router (with  a theoretical maximum work piece on it) was getting too close to reasonable door positions, so I had to compromise.

 

The drawing below shows the enclosure with a rough router and work piece outline, as well as the shelf. The dark areas are the openings for the back panel door and the window in the door.

 

 

The little squares by the router feet represent hollow square “Coasters” I’m going to machine and glue onto the shelf to keep the router from moving around. The shelf will be supported with 1 ½” wide ¾” plywood strips under the outside tabs. These will be glued and screwed to the sides. I may leave the shelf removable, I haven’t decided.

 

This drawing shows the parts laid out on the 4x8 plywood sheet. I chose 3/8” plywood to keep the enclosure light. It will be stored on a shelf above the workbench, and moved down when doing jobs, so I can watch it in case of a problem. I used ¾” square strips I ripped from a 1X12 scrap, for the corners (glued and screwed). I used #6 1 ¼” drywall screws, with the holes predrilled with a #6 countersink bit. The store did not have 1” ones. I used a Dremel with a cutoff wheel to trim the tips that protruded inside. The cheapest flat 3/8” plywood I could find was made to be used as wainscoting, at $25.

 

The back is cut to fit between the top and bottom sheets. The bottom and top sheets are cut overlong, and I’ll use my hand held router to trim them flush, once everything is assembled. My circular saw skills are only moderate, so this allowed me to have some wiggle room. The line down the middle of the sheet (lengthwise) is due to the fact that I had the sheet cut into two 2x8 pieces, so I could fit it in my car.

 

 

The front piece is also overlong, and will be trimmed to fit. This piece will be hinged to fold down, to allow for access to the feedscrew knob, and vacuum access. I have a couple of magnetic cabinet latches to hold it in place, as well as it being trapped under the door.

 

Here are pictures of the enclosure to date, from the side and front. You can see the bottom and top overhangs in the side shot. The front hinged piece is not installed yet. It rained today and I was not able to take my table saw outside to angle the upper edge, and trim it to height. I also have not decided the exact way I’m going to hinge it. I don’t want the hinges to sit below the bottom of the case, they would scratch up my workbench.

 

 

 

I cut the window opening in the door undersize. When I get the Plexiglas window cut, I’ll cut the final opening to match the window. You can see the desired size in the pencil marks around the cutout. With the enclosure mostly built and the router in place, I can verify the measurements for the door in the back, and cut the opening out.

 

Here are two pictures of the shelf in place. Right now I have two temporary supports in place to hold the shelf, once again I need my table saw to rip 1 ½” ply strips to replace the temporary ones.

 

 

 

These two show the router set in place.

 

 

 

Once I get more done, I’ll write up Part 2.

[thibaultron]

Part 018 Building An Enclosure – Part 2

 

Next, I designed the little “Coasters” to hold the router feet securely. The feet are 3/8” high and about 7/8” wide. I designed the coasters using some of the leftover 3/8” plywood. The center is routed out ¼” deep with a ¼” wide rim. The center depression is 1 ¼” on a side, allowing for a little slop to aid in getting the router in place. This leaves the coasters 1/8’ lower than the frame, with the feet inserted.

 

 

This picture shows one of the coasters glued in place. I positioned the router, to determine the correct position for this one, and let the glue set, with the router set down on the piece.

 

 

After the glue dried, I positioned and glued the second one down. Once this dried, This locked the router in position. After this, I positioned and glued down the back ones.

 

These pictures shows the router set into the two front coasters.

 

 

 

Next I designed a rim to clamp a filter in place to allow air into the enclosure. The air will be pulled in by the vacuum, used to clear the debris from around the bit. The ring  is ¾” plywood with a 4” inside diameter, and a ¾” thick rim. I also put 4 mounting holes for #10-24 machine screws in the design.

 

 

Next I installed it on the right hand upper side of the enclosure. This keeps it away from the areas that I’ll mount the control box, and power supply.

 

 

I was going to use my router to cut the hole in the center, but naturally, I can’t find the router! So I cut it out with my saber saw, and yes, I only have middling skills with it, and I scared the ring.

 

 

When I went to install the filter material, I found that the screws were too short, so I’ll have to get some longer ones.

 

I installed the back door.

 

 

I found a couple of offset cabinet hinges in my junk drawer. This allowed the door to sit flush, then I added 3/8” pads under them so I could put weather stripping on the door.

 

 

I also weather stripped the front door. To do this I had to change from the 2” strap hinges, I first used, to 3” ones. The 2” ones didn’t have enough reach with the weather stripping added.

 

 

 

Instead of hinging the front, I decided to just have the magnetic door latches hold it in place. To keep it from shifting I put a couple of small nails, loosely fitted, at each end. The nails are not permanent. I will pick up some bamboo skewers and use them to make locating pins.

 

 

The enclosure doesn’t need to be air tight, just fairly dust tight. The eventual vacuum system will create a negative pressure to pull air in and keep the dust in.

 

The next step was to move the controller to the outside. All the cables were long enough, barely, except the spindle motor wire. I have a roll of the proper size  wire coming in, in the next couple days. Thank you Amazon Prime! No local stores had the correct wire. As a note, I had to look closely at the wire specifications! Many of the available types of this size wire are only rated at 12V. The wiring supplied with the spindle is rated at 300V, and the power supply has a 48V output.

 

To get the cables to the outside, I cut groves above and below the back door, then chamfered the edges. The small holes are for cable ties.

 

 

 

You can see the cable tie for the upper bundle in this shot.

 

 

The Z and X-Axis cables come out the top, the Y-Axis the bottom.

 

The controller is mounted with #10-24 machine screws 1 ½” long. When the rest of the enclosure is done, I’ll add a rim around the controller to protect it from bumps, and bangs.

 

 

Not the neatest, but it will do.

 

The power supply will be mounted above the controller. I’ve cut out the PS brackets, and will get more done Friday. I cut the PS brackets by moving the controller back behind the enclosure, and even with the back door open and the Plexiglas taped in place, the noise level during routing is greatly reduced!

 

Part 19 will continue the construction.

[thibaultron]

Part 019 Building An Enclosure – Part 3

 

I got the longer screws for the filter ring, and have the filter installed.

 

 

I cut out the power supply brackets, using ¾” plywood. The center grove is 1 ½” wide, for both brackets. The plastic case on one end of the PS is a little less than 1 ½” over the screw heads, and the metal case is about 1 1/8”. The groove for this end is wider than this so I can pad the inside with 3/16” weather stripping, to cushion the PS.

 

 

When I went to install these power supply supports, I discovered that the power supply is quite slippery! So I cut out covers from 1/16” hobby plywood for each bracket to lock the supply in place. The cover on the right has a relief for the AC and DC cables.

 

 

I then glued the covers on the outside ends of the supports.

 

 

 

I mounted the supports from the inside with the same 1 ¼” drywall screws I used on the case. Then I attached the 3/16” weather stripping on the support for the metal end of the supply. This keeps it from rattling around.

 

 

 

 

[thibaultron]

Part 020 Building An Enclosure – Part 4

 

When I moved the controller to the outside of the enclosure, all the wires reached the new location, except the spindle motor wire. So I bought a box of Heat-Shrink Tubing, and a length of 16 gauge 2 conductor wire to lengthen it.

 

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B08PC1NKJ4?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2_dt_b_product_details

 

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07QM8249H?psc=1&ref=ppx_yo2_dt_b_product_details

 

 

 

Then I discovered that my 45 watt soldering iron was not powerful enough to solder 16 gauge wire, and my Weller 140 Watt soldering gun had a broken tip! I ordered a new tip for the Weller, and it should be in by Monday.

 

I continued the construction by enlarging the opening in the door to fit the Plexiglas panel I’d previously made, and gluing ¾” square strips behind the opening, for the glass to set into. The small dots are the heads of 18 gauge brads I used to hold the strips in position while the glue dried.

 

 

This picture shows the Plexiglas in place. The streaks you see are road rash scratches in the glass. I found this Plexiglas along the side of the road as part of a sign, that had fallen from a vehicle and been left. Plexiglas is expensive, and I can live with the scratches.

 

I have to come up with some method to hold the glass in place, but still be removable. I want it held firmly in place in case of something flying around inside the case. Until I come up with something, I nailed a scrap piece of quarter round along the bottom edge to hold it for now. The top of the molding is even with the top of the inner strip, creating a pocket for the glass.

 

 

 

My new 3020 dust shoe also arrived. I’m glad I had to wait a couple weeks to buy one, as they just started offering this one. I had planned to buy one made for the 3018, and adapt it somehow. This one is much better.

 

 

It has an aluminum ring that is secured to the bottom of the motor with two setscrews. There is an inner ring that the screws bear on that presses against the motor housing, so it is not scratched by the screws. This is a nice touch.

 

The body of the dust shoe comes in three parts, that are held together by magnets. Each piece has a tongue and groove mating surface to align the parts.

 

 

The top has the mounting adaptor, as well as the nipple for the dust collection hose. The dust collection nipple has an inside diameter of 1 ¼” and an outer diameter of 1 ½”. This allows you to use either a 1” , or 1 ½” ID hose.

 

The middle piece can be removed to allow you to get to the bit, the collet nut and the wrench slots in the spindle, without having to remove the whole shoe.

 

Two pieces are supplied for the bottom plate, with the collection bristles. One has 40 mm long bristles (the bottom of the bristles come out just a little lower than the tip of a typical bit), and the other 20 mm bristles. For now they also offer a replacement 20 mm bristle bottom piece, that you can buy separately. I hope they will have a 40 mm replacement, in the future.

 

Here is a photo of the shoe installed on the spindle motor. I plan to have it mounted as shown with the vacuum inlet to the side rather than at the more typical front. This gives me more clearance from the enclosure door for the hose. You can still reach both screws with it mounted this way, though the back one is a little tricky to get to.

 

 

This picture shows it with both bottom pieces removed for collet access.

 

 

This one shows it with just the bottom removed. You would do this so you can see to position the bit at the workpiece origin. Once everything is setup you can raise the spindle and replace the bottom.

 

 

For now, I will have to wait to see how effective it is, as I have to wait until my next pay check to order some vacuum hose, as well as making some sort of adapter at the enclosure wall.

[Thistle17]

Ron you certainly are investing a good deal of thought, time and improvement to this machine. I am sure the lessons learned will be of benefit to many others including myself. And thank you!

 

I have built a number of tool adaptations as well as jigs which I have found for the most part are useful over time for my machines. However the one thing I often wonder and lament during the process is how much time I have spent on it all away from modeling. Now in particular to this project for you I would ask "how will you put it to work"? What usage do you forsee for the sytem in your modeling? It could be a boon to your product for sure. But what do you envision its applications?

 

I ask having had the following experience for an up and coming model I worked with a good friend who has a large CNC system to create my bulkheads and strong back for the project. I will admit getting the end product turned out quite well but getting there was a hill climb. I had a starting point other than a clean sheet design yet the work to make the file(s) ready was a chore.

 

I am not being critical just trying to determine the worth of it all as I think about upgrading from my 3018 Pro to something better such as yours.

 

I would add I am finding the same thing with 3D printing. With my grandson's help we designed a ships wheel using Solidworks. It is a beauty, however when it was sent onto a friend who has a printing system and software it generated so many slices (faces or facets) it was too big for his system. So now I may retreat to milling the components out of brass. You might say I am back to square 1. Do you see what i mean?

 

Regards

 

Joe

[thibaultron]

Joe;

   As for what I plan to do with this router, make parts. I have spent several years designing the parts for a Chesapeake workboat (not full time, but finding all the info took time). I will use this to cut out the bulkheads etc. There are a few other models that I am also playing with. I also have projects for my model railroad, that this would be handy for. Most notably I have been working on drawings for a unique Santa Fe business car, and will be using this router and a soon to be acquired 3D resin printer to create parts for it. Santa Fe had several versions of this one type, and I hope to make one of each.

 

Also I enjoy CADing and playing with computers. So while it does take time away, I still get enjoyment from the process.

[thibaultron]

Part 021 – New Dust Shoe and Cutting a Calibration Block

 

I tried out the 3020 Dust Shoe I received the other day what a difference!! I don’t have the permanent vacuum hose for the enclosure yet, so I removed the door and used the hose from my 3 gallon shop vacuum. I cut a piece, and no smell and very little escaped dust, as well as almost no sawdust in the bottom of the enclosure!

 

Here I’m doing a clearance cut, and you can see the buildup with no vacuum.

 

 

Here is the same cut, further along, with the vacuum on. The curlicues are pieces stuck to the edge, not left over chips that the vacuum missed. No the hose is not installed in the shot, I removed it so I could take the picture.

 

 

The shoe has the 20 mm long bristle brush piece installed. The 40 mm was too long for the 1/8” bit. It keep getting caught up in the tip. If I had been using a longer bit, the 40 mm would have been more useful. For the 1/8” bit, 25 mm bristles would be better, but that is not a length they sell.

 

The workpiece I was cutting, was a calibration block for determining adjustments need to fine tune the stepper motors. GRBL has a section in the Setup Wizard where you move the X, Y, and Z-Axis then measure how far it actually moved, as opposed to how far you told it to go. Then you enter the actual movement and it calculates the amount of adjustment it will use in the future.

 

Rather than trying to use a dial indicator or a ruler to measure movement free hand, I cut a block 250mm X 150mm, then measured the actual size the block ended up being, using a 12” dial caliper. A 12” caliper is not as common as the standard 6” one, in most toolboxes, so a 150mm X 150 mm block would work for a 6” one. The clearance being cut above was around the outside of the block, so I could get the calipers in. I cut the clearance, leaving 0.1 mm around the outside of the block area, then as a last step, I had the router cut away that last bit.

 

This is a picture of the finished block. The cross shaped lines are to give me alignment spots to insure the caliper was square to the sides. The holes are there because the workpiece is scrap from a failed spoil board (don’t accidentally hit a limit switch while vacuuming up chips!).

 

 

After all was said and done, the block ended up being 250.5 mm X 149.3 mm. After inputting those measurements, and the correction factor the program calculated, my parts should be more accurate, from now on. This would not make much difference on small parts, or carvings, but for larger mechanical type parts or a ship’s deck, keel, etc., it would. Yes, this isn’t a CNC Mill, but on the other hand, it doesn’t cost $4000 or $5000 either!

[thibaultron]

Part 022 – E-Stop Button Installation, Outside Enclosure, with Guide for Routing a Recess

 

My next step was mounting the E-Stop switch on the outside of the enclosure. No problem, just drill a 5/8” hole and pop it in. Nope! The threads on the switch for the mounting nut are only  about 3/8” long, so putting the switch into the 3/8” thick enclosure plywood, left no threads the nut could grab onto. So I needed to cut a recess a little over ¾” in diameter into the side of the hole. I also need to cut a nice circle in the other side for the 1 ½” vacuum hose, for the dust shoe.

 

As can be seen from previous posts, my skills at cutting a smooth, specific size hole, in the vertical side of a box with a saber saw, leaves something to be desired! I, however, do have a router attachment for my Dremel. I measured the diameter of the attachment base, and allowing for a 1/8” bit, I designed a ring for the E-Stop recess, and a larger one for the vacuum hose. The rings are to be mounted on the enclosure, and the base of the Dremel run around the inside, cutting the desired size recess/hole. As I’d already drilled the button hole, I also designed a removable center piece to fit inside the ring, with a 5/8” nub in the center.

 

Here is the larger ring and center for the vacuum hose. I did have to sand the outside of both centers a little to get them to fit into the rings, the problem with backlash in the feedscrews. The E-Stop ring is similar, just smaller.

 

 

 

For the vacuum hose I may not need the center piece, but I’ll have it if needed. I will have to drill at least a starter hole for the bit, anyway.

 

This picture shows the center stuck in the already drilled hole and the ring screwed in place using the center piece to locate it.

 

 

And, this one with the center removed.

 

 

These pictures show the Dremel, the Dremel with the nose screwed off, and the attachment installed. I used one of the SainSmart 1/8” bits for the operation.

 

 

 

 

After setting the bit to cut about half way through the plywood, this is the new recess. Note that the router attachment is made from a somewhat flexible plastic and the threads on the Dremel nose are a little soft, so that the hole is not perfectly round, but fine for this application.

 

 

This shows the E-Stop button installed.

 

 

I wanted the button close to the front, but high enough so I wasn’t hitting it with my mouse or tools, so it is about halfway up the door edge cutout. This made the wires too short to go out the back of the enclosure, so I drilled a 3/8” hole by the switch to run the wire along the outside of the enclosure. I’ll neaten it up later. I may also machine a two part split plug for the wire hole, as I don’t want to permanently seal the wire hole, I may need to remove or replace the switch in the future.

 

 

I haven’t cut the hole for the vacuum hose yet. I’m waiting until I can order some hose and it comes in to see where the best location for the hole is. My wife objected to the notion of cutting the hose off our vacuum cleaner! Who’d have thought!

[Thistle17]

Can you remind me please anout the wiring of the limit switches since you moved the controller outside? I don't see the wires coming out or am I missing something? If they are indeed there what connector did you use to bring out the bundle? Thanks

Joe

[thibaultron]

I ran the servo and limit switch wires out of the back of the enclosure above and below the rear door, as well as the lengthened motor wires. See Part 18.

[Thistle17]

Thanks you have been so deliberate about the system setup I guess I just flew by that.

Joe

[thibaultron]

Part 023 – Miscellaneous

I decided not to hinge the front piece. The magnets were holding it well, with just the temporary nails for guides. I bought some bamboo skewers, that ended up being about 3/16” in diameter.

 

I clamped one side of the front and removed that nail, then drilled 3/16” using the nail hole as a guide. Next I drilled the front 13/64” for a nice sliding fit on the dowel, as well as just a very short depth into the enclosure, to guide the insertion of the dowel. I glued the end of the dowel and drove it in with a hammer after cutting off the point. After cleaning up the excess glue and allowing it to dry about a half hour I reinstalled the front, and repeated the process for the other side. I cut off the extra dowel and sanded it flush, then slightly rounded the exposed end.

 

 

 

 

 

I designed a plug for the E-Stop wire, but the router failed in cutting one in either 13mm MDF, or regular ½” plywood. In six attempts (3 in each) the parts broke before the cuts were completed, and I was unable to get two good halves. The body of the plug is 3/8” diameter , once the two halves are fitted, with a 1/8” center hole.

 

 

So, for now, I put a piece of 3/8” heat shrink tubing in the hole, to keep the wire from chaffing.

 

 I will try again, reducing the cutting traverse speed, or I may try it in a thick piece of plastic cutting board I have. I’ve used pieces of this cutting board to make new sheaves for the rotted ones in the pulleys on a 23’ sailboat, and the rollers for the sliding doors in my shop, so it is quite a durable plastic.

 

I also cut a second center for the vacuum jig, with a 1 ¾” hole in the center to allow me to place the vacuum hose hole  to clear the corner battens.

 

I still have not decided on the final location for the hole, or the exact way I’m going to mount the hose to the enclosure. I’ll detail that later. My present shop vac has a 1 ¼” OD hose, so I need an adapter to mate it with the 1 ½” ID hose I want to use inside the enclosure. I’m going to use the 1 ½” hose, in case I get a larger vacuum, in the future.

[SpindleJockey]

Ron:

 

When I look at your E-stop wire strain-relief/panel bushing, I wonder if it might work better to design your toolpath to include small support tabs between the two bushing halves, along with moving your existing support tabs closer to the centerline between the two halves.  You could also reduce the size of your supports without losing inducing much more flex.   Making these changes should provide sufficient support to the two parts during the machining process and it should help prevent the parts from tearing away before machining has been completed.    I'm not sure if the software you use to design your parts and toolpaths will allow you to make these changes, but I expect that it should.

 

I've attached a simple 3D model showing this suggestion.

 

I must say that I am not a model builder, per say; however, I've been making lots of very intricate things using CNC technology for many years.   I stumbled upon your project while searching for saw blade to fit Jim Byrne's model saw.   I purchased my JimSaw more than five years ago; however, I am ashamed to say that I have never even made a test cut using this saw.  There have been too many other things that have distracted me along the way - mainly my CNC routers.  These machines are the most useful (and used) tools in my shop!  When they are designed, built and calibrated properly, they can be used to make absolutely perfect parts . . . almost regardless of part size or complexity.

 

I am fascinated with your build log and will continue to follow your updates.  

 

Good luck with your ongoing build!

 

- SpindleJockey

 

[thibaultron]

Thank you for the suggestions. I managed to get two good sets out of four sets by reducing the travel speed from 700mm/min to 240mm/min, in MDF. I then coated the good pieces with thin CA to reinforce them, that helped greatly.

[SpindleJockey]

Ron:

 

I'm glad to hear it worked out well.  For one-time projects, such as your panel bushing, you hate to invest too much effort if you're able to succeed by simply making a bunch of these quickly and then sort good from bad, and then move on to other things.  

 

I always find it amazing that many issues encountered while machining with a CNC router can be resolved by simply reducing feedrate and/or acceleration by 50%.    It never seems like the first thing to try, but often it's the fastest fix.

 

- SpindleJockey