Jump to content

HMS Bellerophon 1786 by AON – scale 1:64 – 74-gun 3rd Rate Man of War - Arrogant-Class


Recommended Posts

Started gluing parts together today

 

The remnants of the rubber cement were removed by simply erasing the surface….

post-9868-0-46219200-1426979190_thumb.jpg

 

… and there were paper thin feathered edges from my sander that need to removed by lightly sanded by hand.

post-9868-0-29712200-1426979200_thumb.jpg

 

First piece glued was the Stern Post to the Inner Post.

Here are the before and after cleaning pics.

I did drill and pin them to assist in alignment.  You can see the ball head of the straight pins.

The pencil lines are to help me with shaping later on.

post-9868-0-54368900-1426979209_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-27014800-1426979216_thumb.jpg

 

The stern deadwood was assembled piece by piece, clamping up and letting them set before attaching the next piece.  This is where my marble pastry rolling slab came in handy.  I set the assembly down onto the slab to assure the surfaces were flush when assembled.

post-9868-0-38205000-1426979223_thumb.jpg

 

I did insert two pieces of copper wire into the stern post assembly to assist in keeping it together. Not sure it was necessary nor that the Gorilla Glue got in deep enough.  I tried working the wire in and out but I did not see any glue at the far end.  I had to strip the insulation of the telephone wire and then roll the copper wire straight.  22 gauge wire is quite flimsy stuff and easily bent.

post-9868-0-25228100-1426979231_thumb.jpg

 

I cut the mortise and tennon joint in the Stern Post and Keel then assembled them.  Clamping up the tapered stern post to the proper angle was a bit of a challenge.  I ended up using a few different tools and good old fashion clothes pins.

post-9868-0-30516100-1426979238_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-15476400-1426979245_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-58436100-1426979255_thumb.jpg

 

 

The Stem to Keel boxing joint was eventually glued up and set properly.  I did attempt to use the black tissue paper as you can see by the staining on the wood but had no success.  I determined it was more trouble than it was worth.  I first soaked the paper in a 50/50 water glue mix and after numerous tries place it on the joint surfaces.  Quite a few pieces tore apart in my fingers/tweezers. When I finally got around to attempting to put the keel and stem together the paper scrunched up on me.  I took it apart and tried again with new pieces… then had more of the same trouble.  After two more attempts I said to myself “screw it”.

post-9868-0-22463000-1426979262_thumb.jpg

 

I also glued up the remaining sections of the keel; clamping them to the marble pastry slab and setting them against a straight edge…. sans tissue paper.

post-9868-0-56121000-1426979268_thumb.jpg

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Good evening Mark!

 

I have not read The Billy Ruffian by David Cordingly.

 

I do have and did read HMS Bellerophon by Colin Pengelly.

 

I guess I have another book to buy!

Thanks.

 

Alan

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I think you'll like that one if you're a history buff and/or just want to get sense of things...life, sailing, battle.   The first chapter is a drag but then it picks up. 

Mark
"The shipwright is slow, but the wood is patient." - me

Current Build:                                                                                             
Past Builds:
 La Belle Poule 1765 - French Frigate from ANCRE plans - ON HOLD           Triton Cross-Section   

 NRG Hallf Hull Planking Kit                                                                            HMS Sphinx 1775 - Vanguard Models - 1:64               

 

Non-Ship Model:                                                                                         On hold, maybe forever:           

CH-53 Sikorsky - 1:48 - Revell - Completed                                                   Licorne - 1755 from Hahn Plans (Scratch) Version 2.0 (Abandoned)         

         

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

Link to comment
Share on other sites

You are now under way, I see. Good stuff!

 

A rubber cement eraser is easier to use than the regular pencil eraser: it's a piece of crepe rubber.

 

For next time around:

 

Usually black paper is glued to one side of the joint with the glue spread on the wood surface. Then the paper (dry) is laid onto the wet glue, pressed down and allowed to set. Then the joint pieces are glued together. As you discovered, wet paper has no strength at all.

 

Alternatively, color the glue with powdered pigment. I'm not sure if Gorilla glue is a good one to use, as it foams out from the joints. White or yellow carpenter's glue is best and easiest to clean up with a damp brush or rag before it sets.

Be sure to sign up for an epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series  http://trafalgar.tv

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Good morning Druxey,

 

That's no everyday regular eraser... that's left over from my pencil draughting days !!!   :rolleyes: 

 

Rubber cement was used a lot before cut and paste commands on a computer and these erases did the trick... but we had no idea there was a special rubber cement eraser.  I'll have to look into it.

 

My darling wife brought up a good point last night... I should do a quick test on scrap to see if after erasing the rubber cement it has not leached into the wood so as to affect any finishing.

 

Regarding the tissue paper... I read somewhere that it should be soaked first, Of course I cannot find that now.  I admit I went downstairs and took a look at the assembly and thought about taking it apart after having read your e-mail.  I haven't got the heart to attempt to do that. So as much as I unbelievably hate the phrase ... "it is what it is" (I have to go kick myself now ... damn I hate it)

 

I only used the gorilla glue on the copper wire.  Everything else is and will be yellow carpenters glue.

I believe the 22 ga copper wire may be a waste of time in most places.

Roughing up the monofilament line grabs and seems to carry the glue into the hole.

This seems better to me.

 

Presently looking at cutting and placing the rising wood and false keel

I will use the copper wire for the staples securing the sides of the false keel

 

I also have to make my jigs to hold the stem and stern post secure and perpendicular to the table.

 

Alan

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Nice work Alan,

 

I have tried the black paper route as well, sometimes with good results, but I honestly prefer either using a pencil or archival marker nowadays along with titbond III glue that dries a little darker anyways.

 

I will watch your progress with great interest.

 

Ben

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Started making the post supports and have one end assembled less the T-handle clamps to lock it in place on the rails.

post-9868-0-06292400-1427104389_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-29972200-1427104396_thumb.jpg

I made the horizontal support plate adjustable on 3 tiers so if it is in the way I can lower or raise it.... or remove it.

Presently the plate is meant to be a prototype (1/4" Plywood)

My intention is to make the final version out of 1/4" Plexiglas material of which I have a sheet outside the room with the wood stash.

 

I am not 100% happy with the plate.

The bracket can be moved back another 3" on the table top and then the neck on the plate can reach out 3" further to open it up a bit.

 

In the end, as always, the sheet of plastic is pulled over it all to keep the dust at bay.

post-9868-0-17061100-1427104404_thumb.jpg

I also glued up some paper onto a piece of scrap for the test mentioned in yesterdays post.

It will sit for a few days (as did the real pieces) before I peel the paper off, erase the glue and test wood finish on the glued versus bare wood surface.

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Not much to show this weekend.

 

I completed my transcription of the contract after having had help with the last few terms and phrases from my NRG mentor and then the final push yesterday for 2 hours with help from Druxey. (Thank you very much!)

 

There are 79 typed pages in total of transcriptions, descriptions, explanations and detailed reference sources I can go back to at any time if I need to.

 

Earlier today I took the lower stem piece connection to the keel apart (boxing joint) due to it being slightly skewed.

It is thicker than it needs to be to allow sanding to shape but as I will not know if the skewing was too much until the sanding is done, and to do the sanding I need to glue the other stem assembly pieces to it... I felt it was prudent not to tempt fate.

 

Thanks to the forum I found many references on how to dissolve/soften the glue and after having wetted the joint with Isopropyl rubbing alcohol (70% USP), wrapping with plastic wrap and waiting 24 hours it came apart without any effort at all.

 

I had plans to complete my supports and shape the deadwood assembly... but stuff tends to happen and derail the best of plans.

 

Happily this is not a race.

 

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I managed an hour to make another "goose necked" prototype support plate and re-attach the lower stem piece to the keel.

 

In my dealings with Druxey yesterday he had mentioned how the usual fixed position support plate had managed to leave a sun bleached mark on one of his stem/stern post assemblies so another plus to the adjustable support plate height would be to reduce this bleaching effect caused by lighting.  I would never had thought of that... I was just attempting to allow the area to open up if I needed to get my big clumsy hands in there!

post-9868-0-10402400-1427672326_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-31130100-1427672332_thumb.jpg

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

That's a good idea to move the support on a regular basis.  Ahh.. things one never thinks of when setting up the jigs...

Mark
"The shipwright is slow, but the wood is patient." - me

Current Build:                                                                                             
Past Builds:
 La Belle Poule 1765 - French Frigate from ANCRE plans - ON HOLD           Triton Cross-Section   

 NRG Hallf Hull Planking Kit                                                                            HMS Sphinx 1775 - Vanguard Models - 1:64               

 

Non-Ship Model:                                                                                         On hold, maybe forever:           

CH-53 Sikorsky - 1:48 - Revell - Completed                                                   Licorne - 1755 from Hahn Plans (Scratch) Version 2.0 (Abandoned)         

         

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Slow progress drawing up the frame templates.

 

The more I look at the small amount woodwork I've done to date the more I want to start over.

I am not completely happy with my joinery and feel with some practice I can do a much better job.

I will complete what I've started and then decide if this would have been all for practise, at which point I may then put it aside and do it all over again.

 

I will need to do more joinery practice work on pieces out of the drop pile.

 

If I keep going down this path I may need to grab another bundle of lath out of my son's wood pile!!

 

I also signed up for the Admiralty Models Spring Workshop being held in beautiful Niagara on the Lake on May the 1st ans 2nd

This one is on Frieze Painting and Flag Making

I know I am years from needing to know this stuff, but when opportunity knocks....

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 3 weeks later...

Saturday, 25 April 2015
While merrily working on my frame templates I suddenly realized I was putting in upper scarph joints that likely overlapped the gun ports and sills.

I drew in all the gun ports and sills as measured off the plan and the contract.
This showed many of my upper scarph joints to be in or overlapping the holes.
These were removed and/or relocated.

 

Below is a small sampling (I turned off all other frames) ... you can see the joints in the one frame (all others are turned off to make it clearer)

post-9868-0-16547200-1430050039_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-03700800-1430050049_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-71197200-1430050057_thumb.jpg

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I also worked on my new fangled Plexiglas goose-necked shaped support plates.

The Plexiglas was taped (I used painters tape) and the shape traced onto it.
The sheet was clamped down securely and the shape cutout using a special Plexiglas cutting blade.
If you don’t move quickly enough the plastic melts and sticks back together or leaves a blob of material on the edge that I found was easily removed.
The edge was then filed smooth and sanded (various papers, scotch brite pad, micro fine pad).
I then polished the edge.
The final step was to wash the piece in warm soapy water.  I used Dawn dish soap. If it’s gentle enough for oil soaked water fowl it is good enough for my work.  (Never use glass cleaner or such products on Plexiglas).
Finally I cut out my slots in the wood frame, installed the T-bolts to the table and assembled it in place.

Easy, right?
Well here is what went wrong…
By the time I worked on the second sheet and frame things started to go south.  One of the slotted wood uprights on the second frame was installed backwards (slots out) and the space between the two slotted uprights was a wee bit tighter so my second sheet is about 1/16” too wide and needs to be filed down to fit… hence no pictures of the bow support assembly as yet.

post-9868-0-83124500-1430050279_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-94040600-1430050290_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-57705500-1430050297_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-25129500-1430050306_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-83863400-1430050315_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-43545400-1430050324_thumb.jpg

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Alan: you need to study contemporary 'disposition of frame' draughts. You will see that toptimbers are either 'shifted' or 'cast' to form the edges of the ports. Cutting into the toptimbers to frame the ports was not allowed, as it would weaken the structure. 

Be sure to sign up for an epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series  http://trafalgar.tv

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Yes Druxey, I understand the shifting and can see it clearly on the frame drawing I purchased from NMM

Shifting will not show in the end view 2D plan for my templates so I am not worried about it yet and do not intend to work it into the 3D model

I had planned to work in the shifting when I cut the pieces....

 

at least that is the plan as of up to today!

(might change if I suddenly realize it was yet another misteak)

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I suspect this is better planned out ahead, Alan. At least, that's been my experience. The moment you change one element it impacts many others, a kind of domino effect!

Be sure to sign up for an epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series  http://trafalgar.tv

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Understood and now I need to reconsider the amount of work I've done, done again, have been redoing and may now have yet another do over.

 

Thank God I'm enjoying myself otherwise this might be considered "work".

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Re- re- re-working? Sounds familiar!

 

Instances of down-stream impact: positions of timberheads, placement of scuppers, positions of chain bolts....

Edited by druxey

Be sure to sign up for an epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series  http://trafalgar.tv

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Sunday 27 April 2015

 

Completed the bow support frame and plate assembly.

Presently the lowest position is too high but it is standing ready for the next piece

 

Also chewed on Druxey's recommendation.

Have decided to increase my work... I will do it both ways, one plane as started which I can turn off and one plane with timbers shifted.

The latter will be more work than the former.

 

I should mention the gun port cutouts are on a separate plane also which I turn off for the templates.

I think it more prudent to cut out the gun ports after the fact rather than build them in

post-9868-0-66513400-1430129237_thumb.jpg

post-9868-0-02991600-1430129244_thumb.jpg

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 4 weeks later...

Saturday, 23 May 2015

 

I do not know whether to laugh or cry

Is this an opportunity or....

 

Earlier this week my trusted old Bessie (my ancient computer) went down for the count quite unexpectedly, right in the middle of my creating the individual cant frame and transom templates at the stern.

 

She took everything with her.

 

I had backups.... on the hard drive.

 

I had just gotten one of those mega-tetra kajillion byte external hard drives.... I just didn't bother to get around TUIT.

At times like this I dearly miss my draughting board

 

 

God give me the strength to start over and the wisdom to have learnt along the way and to do a better job all around this time.

Edited by AON

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

had a similar bad experience with computers.  My external hard drive packed in - one of its heads dropped off.  5000 pictures, 7 years of notes and some development documents lost for ever, and I did not have back-up of them, didn't think is necessary at the time.  Know better now.

 

Anyway, wish you all the strength to get back on the right track and to continue this log.

 

Peter

Heghlu'meH QaQ jajvam

Slainte gu mhath

L.H.

Link to comment
Share on other sites

presently cutting the grass... and swearing like a sailor

came in for a coffee 'cause I'm not quite wound up enough   :angry:

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Alan,

 

It happens to all of us at some time or another.  There's a saying in IT:  "It's not if something will happen, it's when something will happen."   I too, thought it could never happen.. then it did.  Luckily it was an old laptop but there were some files...  Now all pc's and the laptop have back drives attached. 

Mark
"The shipwright is slow, but the wood is patient." - me

Current Build:                                                                                             
Past Builds:
 La Belle Poule 1765 - French Frigate from ANCRE plans - ON HOLD           Triton Cross-Section   

 NRG Hallf Hull Planking Kit                                                                            HMS Sphinx 1775 - Vanguard Models - 1:64               

 

Non-Ship Model:                                                                                         On hold, maybe forever:           

CH-53 Sikorsky - 1:48 - Revell - Completed                                                   Licorne - 1755 from Hahn Plans (Scratch) Version 2.0 (Abandoned)         

         

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I know how you feel. I had the same experience a few years ago. Since this I make every evening I work on my drawings a copy on a second harddisc

Regards Christian

 

Current build: HM Cutter Alert, 1777; HM Sloop Fly, 1776 - 1/36

On the drawing board: English Ship Sloops Fly, 1776, Comet, 1783 and Aetna, 1776; Naval Cutter Alert, 1777

Paused: HMS Triton, 1771 - 1/48

"Have no fear of perfection - you'll never reach it." Salvador Dali

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 3 weeks later...

14 June 2015

 

I believe I have completed my redraw of the Sheer Plan.

It was considerably quicker this go and the file size is a fraction of the first.

I have added the Rudder, Rising Wood and Cutwater detail to this version.

 

I will now begin the Half Breadth Plan

 

post-9868-0-83981400-1434294646_thumb.jpg

Alan O'Neill
"only dead fish go with the flow"   :dancetl6:

Ongoing Build (31 Dec 2013) - HMS BELLEROPHON (1786), POF scratch build, scale 1:64, 74 gun 3rd rate Man of War, Arrogant Class

Member of the Model Shipwrights of Niagara, Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada (2016), and the Nautical Research Guild (since 2014)

Associate member of the Nautical Research and Model Ship Society (2021)

Offshore member of The Society of Model Shipwrights (2021)

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

  • Recently Browsing   0 members

    • No registered users viewing this page.
×
×
  • Create New...