Santa Maria by luponero - FINISHED - scale 1/50 - carrack - from diagrams of Adametz

[G.L.]

Good job on the sails, Wolf. The painting of the cross on that sail worked really well.

[luponero]

Thank you Geert for approval of the work, you also reminded me to post the images relating to the realization of the images shown in the model of Santa Maria made by Adametz

... it had crossed my mind

the images indicated in the construction plans of Adametz are shown on the foresail and on the main sail,
on the foresail in the central part of the cross the coat of arms of the royals of Spain is reported, while in that of the main sail, the image of the Madonna with the child (also reported in the sculpture placed in the transom) is reported in the book of Winter , (in which the drawings are attached), it is said that the reference refers to the image of the "mother of God" shown in the compass rose in the Spanish world map by Juan de la Cosa, shown in the previous post, while the writing "Maris stella sucurre nobis "(Star of the sea bring us help), the combination of Mary with the guiding star of the navigators, towards which the compass needle is thought to be pointing, is found in the ecclesiastical songs and on the starry blue silk cloak of the emperor Henry II, honestly I did not find any information that explains why Adametz has brought back the images on the sails, in the many models made of the Santa Maria only the classic crosses are reported, however I decided to bring them back respecting their shapes, the problem was how to later bring back on the fabric l colored image with photoshop, although I had to search the internet for sharper and more detailed images than those shown on the construction plans.

To bring back the images I thought of using the thermal paper on which I had previously printed the images, then with the iron I applied them, (perhaps with the dyes for tussuto the drawing would have been more natural but it would not have been possible to bring back the details with precision)

I am attaching some images relating to the transposition of the images on the sails

see you soon

black Wolf

 

[mtaylor]

Beautiful sails along with everything else, Wolf.

[luponero]

Thanks Mark for your appreciation,
the work on the sails continued with the construction of the shank of the sails made, it is the flat cable that reinforces the edge of the sail and I do not deny that in my opinion it is one of the most "boring" processes in the creation of a model , both for the amount of time and for the repetitive continuity of the movements: the seam of the cable on the edge of the sail, passing the thread of the seam inside the cable, precisely on the highest strand, of the three that make up the flat cable , compared to the edge of the sail ... which is not easy for me.
But let's go in order, first the realization of the cable called "ralinga", it is a big flat cable (which is twisted to the "right"), one of the most common problems when self-realizing the cables, is that the wires (strands) that are used for the realization of the cables, are commonly twisted on the right so they are useful for the realization of the "twisted" cables that are twisted on the left (like the hawsers and shrouds) for the realization of the flat cables ( the most common in the cordage) threads (trephons) twisted to the left would be needed, which is uncommon to find, (only "scotland" cotton is twisted to the left) so it is necessary to twist the threads from right to left and then make the flat cable, one of the things I had to do using a screwdriver placed on a small manual stranding machine and then twist the three strands in the opposite way to get the flat cables for the various lifts

this is the job after five days of "sewing", (I'm not a very fast tailor)

I'm not done yet I miss the mainsail with the bonnets a couple of full days, I'm going to check if the battery of the screwdriver has been recharged to twist the wires from left to right and make the flat cable

 

see you next time

black Wolf

[Baker]

Beautiful sails.

And model

[luponero]

the bolf rope  was missing for the greater sail and the bonnets for which I took needle and thread and spent a day sewing ...

I had sat down at the PC desk, while I was sewing I listened to old-time music with headphones
(Jethro Tull)

I prepared the holes for the slinging of the sails, I use the red wool needle with a portable "bunsun beak" (which I use for various workings in the laboratory that require a contained but powerful flame, and which I once used for chemical analysis of the components ,,, once

time passes quickly, ( if it did not pass it would be worse!)

 

I also prepared the holes on the main sail and on the bonnets to connect them with the main sail and between them, a fundamental step it is not possible to sew them with the cord if you do not prepare in advance the holes for the passage of the "cable" that will connect the various pieces

the next step will be the seam, I assume it will be a complex thing,

"just to change!"

 

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[luponero]

I thank my friends for the likes
the work continued with the sewing of the bonnets, I had not previously had to integrate additional pieces to the sails for which I took from the drawing the sewing technique that Adametz draws in a very superficial way without giving any indications whatsoever, so I armed with the needle and for the thread I used what I needed for the realization of the herring using a single thread, I do not deny that just to start with the seam I made several attempts to guess the way of sewing, in practice it starts from end going backwards, determining in advance the length of the eyelet made with the thread that will pass through the other upper hole and will be stropped with a smaller eyelet always made with the usual "strangle" thread, the explanation is complex, think the seam ...
in short, I put the photo of the sail with the bonnette prepared for sewing

the next step refers to the moment when the "seam" was finished and the rings "were passed through the upper holes

4/5 hours had elapsed the work proceeded very slowly, when I tried to stop the bonnetta superior to the sail I realized that the "rings" made were insufficient to close the seam

I had to cut the thread (curses were not missing !!!)

recovered the calm, I resumed the seam another 3/4 unnerving hours, the thread despite the holes made are wide it must be double in two successive passages and the amount of thread inserted in the needle for the seam was over a meter so after the first few steps the thread twists on itself ... however in the end I managed to put the first bottle,
what a stress !!!

I imagined the situation at sea ,,,
if the time needed had been what I needed or not there was the risk that started the maneuvers to increase the surface of the sail with the bonnette once the wind was finished it had already dropped 

surely even if it was in the late Middle Ages the time for the maneuver had to be much faster, surely there were more hands and a different technique, so I started thinking and observing,
the seam made with the needle is too long and complex with twisting problems, the method was not the seam but the "re-threading", perhaps I had in mind the system I prepared myself with the copper wire a curved needle to thread the wire, place the progressive images of the re-threading, with the work they are in the first row of lower holes and I hook the wire with the copper needle

then I take it back from the hole, taking it behind the herring to the extent obtained from the "L" that the ring must have to choke with the other ring next to it (roughly a couple of cm, in my case)

 

the next step is to make the ring for tightening with the wire coming from the right, passing the garment inside on the right

pulling it to tighten (strangle) the major ring by starting on the right with the thread and re-preparing another ring,
once you have finished all the rings on the bottom row

they are all inserted from the inside into the upper holes, going back inside the ring to the end of the ring by pulling to the right and developing the coupling towards the right;
time needed an hour but with less problems of twisting and various "enlargements",
I think a couple of medieval sailors armed with tools and experience completed the maneuver in a few minutes ...

however it was gone! the main sail was over
I put image of the main sail with the bonnette in front and behind

so the sails are ready to be positioned

 

 

I have to remove the Santa Maria from the bag and start again with the work in the laboratory,
in a few days, I have to detoxify myself a little 

... I'm going to detox in the garden ...

 

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[mtaylor]

Beautiful and detailed work there.  I'd be detoxing for a few days after that.

[luponero]

 

Small updates on MS, which I have withdrawn from provisional coverage,
waiting for the assembly of the sails and flagpoles I am finishing the works and chores on the bridge, first the placement of the two large anchors, before laying them I made the hawser, a twisted cable made up of 4 flat cables committed on a smaller central cable , (to do these I used Domanoff's ropewalk) by stropping it to the cicada of the respective anchors and to the winch on the bridge

permanently fixing anchors

the kitchen was also stopped on the bridge

then great news, after months of absence "Colombo" had disappeared from my desk, but in this period of various rearrangements, among the paperwork on the floor it stood out outside Colombo, the long stay between the paperwork has changed the contours of the face (it is a little more "flattened) and no longer stands up, but in short I put it back on the bridge next to the" long ", in short, a little to the" prodigal son "...

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[luponero]

The time has come to set up the flagpoles, that is to put the thegooseneck, blocks and bounties to stop the flagpoles on the masts and to pull the current maneuvers to hoist the sails. Part of the blocks I had previously made for the realization of the fixed maneuvers, they have the characteristic of being larger and more robust than those for the current maneuvers,
so I had to make other smaller ones trying to keep the shapes.
The antenna of the mezzana tree is very reminiscent of that of galleys, I don't know if it is an error by Adametz, with regard to the part of the coupling of the two rods that compose it, the technique used for coupling in the central part, with one "fluted" and the other "round" rod was a typical process in the antennas of the galleys, while I saw that the antennas for the Latin sails of the galleons were usually a single or multi-compound (bundled) piece like the major masts, who knows if it is an error by Adametz ...

the photo represents the yard in the middle of the setup, blocks and trozza are still missing,
while in the following one I am making the gooseneck,( parrel) of the flagpole of the major tree, I had the half idea of putting  industrially, but I realized that the bigots that make them up were "" PLASTIC "" not to be a purist but trying to do everything on your own (with all the flaws of the case) and putting plastic bigotes did not seem like a correct choice, so I made them in wood, losing a few hours

 

the parts that make up thegooseneck have a name that is not translated into English, or the name used in Italian does not have a direct correspondence, so I report an image with the names of the most important parts that compose it,

structural differences are visible in the realization of the trozze which are shown in Adametz's drawings, who does not use bowline knots to block them, but a small block (???) (I don't know if it is an error)

later I made the flagpoles of the mast and the sail of the cage

time necessary for the realization, two days of work

but still the flagpole of the bowsprit mast and some workings on the boom that I will do later are still missing

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[cog]

Luponero,

 

Marvelous work on the sails. The yards (what you call flag poles) look beautiful. Cannot wait to see how she will look once the sails are up and trimmed.

[luponero]

Thank you Cog, I also hope to see soon how the finished work will be ...

 

the flagpole of the sail of civada, has for  thegooseneck a piece of cable that must be struck on the mast of the bowsprit, so in the assembly on the flagpole I only did a part to finish it when it will be fixed with the sail,

under the detail of the blocks for topping lift and guy.

Before working on the sails I want to finish the laying of the blocks on the tops of the flagpoles, necessary to put pull and place flagpoles by pulling the sails, a process that I had not done previously and that will take time, to see the Santa Maria before preparation of the blocks I made a silhoutte, reusing the old camera (instead of the cell phone, certainly more comfortable for speed, but less "known")

The first step was on the boom with the cleat (in front of the "long") and the block to tension the Latin sail at the bottom of the boom

after at the opposite end the bowsprit, on which I have placed three blocks, the single inside the violin, in which the runner of the block will pass on the flagpole, while the other two couples will put tension on the loops

the part of the cable used to tie the blocks to the flagpole is bandaged to prevent rubbing on the wood quickly consuming the cable (method also used for cables of fixed maneuvers)

the bandage is made by hand with the use of this tablet in which the nails are used to tension the thread of the spool to bandage the cable "coiled" by hand, or rather, with your fingers ...

see you next time

black Wolf

 

 

 

 

 

 

[archjofo]

Hi Wolf,

very nice work !

[luponero]

Thanks Johann,
Fabio

[luponero]

The preparation of the flagpoles continued with a foresail,
the block group consists of the central block and two lateral ones, with the wooden pulley with the burnished brass wire pin d.5mm

I like more to make the block with wooden pulleys than with brass ones, they are more suitable for the period, they are made with 2mm and 3mm beech rods and then with "a lot" calm thinned, after the realization of the groove, bringing them to the thickness of 1mm, (perhaps the most complex processing)
the following are those of the main mast on which the mast of the cage sail will be hoisted,

Usual composition, with slightly larger blocks (about 7x4x3 mm)
in the construction plans there are 7 different sizes, the smallest are those of the stopping blocks of the trozze, they are 2/3 mm x2x3 (the problem is to hold them with your "fingers" to work them with the file and try not to make them fall to not lose them ...
still some work is missing to finish the set-up works, the group of blocks hooked under the hut, a rope ladder ladder and some blocks and eyebolt on the bridge to then move on to the sails on the flagpoles,

While two blocks are required for the halyard of the mast of the major shaft, a problem that arises is that the casing and the shrouds have already been assembled so it is not possible to prepare the piece and install it first, it must be done with a block and with the banded cable, passed inside the "hole of the cat" and ended later by tying the missing block, simple to say to do it for me who am particularly "slow" it took me a couple of hours, I put the photos in progression ,
the cable bandage

the exit from the cat pit

the binding of the missing block

In the meantime, it was necessary to prepare a dozen small blocks (4x3x2) (those that I hold badly between my fingers and that when I fall they are pains to find them) always self-built with walnut details,

As already mentioned there are 9 different blocks shown in the drawing, the problem is that they are not particularly "visible" in the exploded view of the sails, so the number of blocks has significantly increased compared to what I thought were necessary from a "first sight"
under the box with the prepared blocks

The photo of the detail of the block that will be put under the hood together with five others

the blocks placed under the crow's nest

 

 

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[luponero]

I started the slinging of the sails on the flagpoles, this is the way used in the late Middle Ages, the technique used is not seen from Adametz's drawings, in practice the sail is stopped using pieces of line, not with a continuous rope but with pieces passing individually from each eyelet making on this two opposing knots, and then tying on the flagpole with simple knots,
I report a drawing that was useful to me for the realization

the number 5 is the luff cord, the 3 the reinforcements of the sail, the knots that keep the sail locked, can be seen on the rib (1)
in the photos you can see both the back and the front part with the realization of the stitching

in the photo below (not in focus), you can see the copper wire that I passed inside the edge of the sail that enters the hole made in the flagpole, which I need to keep the sail in position during the pressing and then to make the curvature of the same,

the other sails were also stopped at the flagpole with the usual technique, including the Latin sail (?) I'm not sure that the technique used is correct ... who knows?

Before laying the sails I thought it appropriate to finish the finishing work on some details, which would be more difficult if made with the sails explained, one of these is the finishing of the kitchen already laid on the base, I thought of making the classic "pots" that give the material used lead and copper powder a little "color"

The photo shows the pots just made yet to be "finished" with the perforated brass plate, which will go on the base of the kitchen, a protection against possible flare-ups and sparks that could certainly have done damage if they had not been checked.

what follows is a first realization of the cookware (with some errors) I made the "coppering" with the powder and the addition of the handles on the small pot, (the error I was saying is in the handle of the big pan, so put it does not allow to put the lid on)

when you start making these "little things" you risk exaggerating in fact I started making a pan for the "paella" ( is a traditional dish of Spanish cuisine based on rice, saffron and seafood or meat)

then a bit of special effects, the creation of burning embers, I usually use the red foil of the chocolates, but having already eaten them without keeping the file I used a broken Christmas tree ball

 the foil of the chocolates and in this case the paint of the ball "catches and reflects" the light, moving you can see the "flashes" of the reflections, as if the embers of the coal light up

I make small pieces that I will put on the bottom (with the "red" visible)
gluing them with black paint

we'll see the rest later ...

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[Louie da fly]

Beautiful work, Wolf! 

[Baker]

Yes, beautiful work .

When can we come  on board and eat paella ??

[luponero]

I thank my friends for the appreciation,
if you come to my part it will be very pleasant to invite you to eat, maybe we will not eat paella, certainly typical Italian dishes accompanied by a sweet Tuscan wine.

 

another detail that I have finished is the rope ladder,  used to enter the crow's nest

later I corrected the error (the handle) made on the pot, and to put the lid on

I arranged the piece made on the kitchen

but I have also seen how it would have been with the lifeboats, surely the space is very small, perhaps during navigation they were towed to have more space on the bridge

while I tried to take a picture to show the "reflections" of the glow of the "burning embers", while we move slightly, the tinfoil of the chocolates are certainly more visible, curled up in small pieces put together with fragments of coal offers a better result,

finally after having lowered the sails I started to give him the "inflation"
indeed to try, both with  sprit-sdil and that of forage I used vinavil diluted to 30% in water with a little surfactant, (a few drops, common liquid soap for fabric, allows a faster and better absorption on the fabric ) and after having tied them inside a fruit box to give them the shape I brushed them with the mixture made, we will see the result

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[Louie da fly]

That's magnificent, Wolf. Beautifully done with very fine detail.

 

Dteven

[luponero]

Thanks Steven, your compliments are highly appreciated, like the likes of friends.
The time has come to place the sails, I started from the bowsprit, stopping the flagpole of the " sprit sail top sail" sail with the mast caps made from the rope,

the maneuvers will only be set, without stopping them definitively, only when all the maneuvers of the sails on the deck are finished I will stop them definitively, trying to recover the errors,

the method used to "fold" the sails seems to me to work fairly well, even if the civada is not particularly large in size, the sail with water and clue for wood treatment is very stable and with copper wire I can change the curvature without make her lose the "camber"
Necessary for the implementation of the various maneuvers, the realization of brass parts for fixing, I started with the hooks, I had some but they seemed too large, out of scale, so I redone others using a pin for the curvature and the brass wire of d. 0.5 mm

 

a good method is the realization in the usual scale of the model of the "little men / sailors" who, although rough in their features, allow "glance" to establish the relationship with the piece or element made and to be laid, even these hooks seem to me too big in comparison, but having no other thread available I have to "please", so the throttling of the arms and sheets is achieved using the hooks made

the hooks made with the brass wire have been burnished.

The processing on the maneuvers takes a lot of time and thinking that it is not yet the definitive one ...
the next step is the laying of the foresail through the mast caps and the halyard, unfortunately I realized that I hadn't changed the light settings of the camera so some photos have the saturated color (turned to yellow)
even the foresail is well "stiffened" (paper-coated) but with the copper wire at the edges it can take any curve,

 

 

 

 

[luponero]

also for this sail other blocks and rings are needed for the maneuvers of the upwinds, in the realization of the different maneuvers not highlighted in the drawings take on particular importance if you intend to carry out the correct maneuvers (certainty that I don't think I have, both for the lack of knowledge of the same and for the indications shown in the drawings)
in addition to the construction of the blocks,

it is necessary to lay and tie in places that are not easy to work

small rings are needed for the upwind courses, these too made with brass wire

with the sewing needle it realizes their circumference and then the welding of the point of union of the wire, always with the usual method that allows to carry out micro soldering in tin in an "easy" way,
the only problem, if they fall on the floor are nowhere to be found, and given the size it often happens   

 

see you next time,

black Wolf

 

 

 

 

 

 

[luponero]

I thank my friends for the welcome "likes",

work on the sails continues in progression,
the rings are for bowlines

 

 

(in reality the rings were not in brass but in wood )

I have tried to scrupulously follow the drawing, however I have found some anomalies (errors?) that I will also indicate for suggestions, I attach the images that are the latest, the maneuvers are set only, you can see that they are stopped with some wooden pegs to fix them permanently following the ankles and / or cleats

 

the detail relating to the foresail sheet

 

the hole of the tack is not shown on the drawing, probably a "forgetfulness" of the designer, recovered by looking at the photos of the Santa Maria model

 

 

After the maneuvers of the sails I had to neatly adjust the positions of the ankles

 

the time has come to put the large square sail unlike the "caravel" that the Latin sail had, removed from the fruit box in which I had placed it for drying the water with wood glue, to give the shape of the "swelling" I stopped it on the tree with a copper wire, just to stop it "on the fly"
I attach some pictures,

 

the sail was placed without the maneuvers, due to gravity it tends to "lean" on the mast with the maneuvers pulled it should take on the appearance of the wind swollen wind so it should tend to detach from the position taken without the tense maneuvers,

 

the image of the Santa Maria from the bow

 

the detail of the ankle rack, in which the maneuvers will be stopped, the maneuvering spaces are very reduced !!!

 

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[mtaylor]

Beautiful progress.  The billowing sails look perfect from here.

[luponero]

After a month I update the works, which have gone ahead with respect to the inserted images, I will try later to make up for lost time,

I realized the double topping, in this photo you can see the first one

passing the cable from the blocks and stopping it on the cleat on the tree

 

the work on the maneuvers is demanding, confined spaces of maneuver, rearrangement of the bottlenecks to the racks and making ties is tiring especially for the view,

I made the " leech-linei", fundamental objects for maneuvers, cheating fixed to the gratile of the sail (teacher) that envelop and collect the sails on the flagpoles, in the S.M. I am a "spider" and I have equipped myself to make them, there are many workings of the objects for the realization of the maneuvers, ranging from cleats to hooks, rings, blocks and many knots that at first sight had not been seen (Adametz uses some "conventions" without giving examples and descriptions), the realization of these details takes time, of course ,,,
the  leech-line, the realization phases, the thread must be inserted in each hole

 

I am attaching an image from a book in which you can see what I have tried to achieve

 

I had to make other cleats with different sizes

 

and many "spoken" knots certainly among the most used for the start of ties, tighten immediately without widening or yielding

 

and especially at night, there is no shortage of "test observers" 

 

see you next time

black Wolf

[luponero]

As I said I try to recover the progression of the work phases,

the execution of the maneuvers is not simple, it often happens to beat us with tweezers and this generates cursing,,,

after the flagpoles of the flagpole I realize the "arms", which regulate the direction, start with the cable "runner" with hook on the drawer and return to the block giving time to the cleat on the bridge,

 

 

 

 

on the photo above you can also see the " clew-line" cheating that starts from the clew placed on the low edge of the sail,

the blocks under the hood begin to be occupied by the maneuver cables

 

the appearance of the holy Mary begins to change

see you next time

black Wolf

 

[bigpetr]

The ship is beautifful. The sails was so wavy in reality?

[Brinkman]

Very impressive build! Thank you for posting all the photos.

[luponero]

I thank you for the appreciation,

the small corrugations on the sail surface are due to the tension of the thread for sewing the  panels,I think that even in real sails when they "swelled" under the action of the wind these undulations formed

The work continued with the laying of the cage sail and the preparation of the maneuvers for the sail, small in size but complex in the preparation due to the "sheets" which are formed by the gratile of the sail itself which at the height of the clews on the lower part are transformed into sheets which, passing from the violin block located on the mast of the mainsail, end with a block that acts as a hoist, stopping on the bridge

 

the cable of the edge of the sail, which passes from the blocks to end on the bridge is very large, for this reason it was necessary to enlarge the holes of the blocks with the electric drill ... (with great happiness) however it went well, I did no damage

 

the cage sail had also been laid

 

 

see you next time

black Wolf

[luponero]

During the "hot" Italian summer, updates continued slowly ...
however they continued.
the next work had to concern the laying of the latin sail, but before inserting it I preferred to finish the sheets and the walls of the mainsail,

 

for the realization of the big cable that passes from the clew of the main sail I made a flat cable with 3 wires stopping them with the knot called "chicken foot"

 

 

and finishing the maneuvers

 

I rearranged and finished almost all the maneuvers,
detail of the main mast restraint and double pole in front of the mast with the hoists

 

I also corrected the position of the anchor, removing the cables that tied it previously and making the changes to stop them by making brass eyelets to put the cable that binds them to the side of the ship

 

 

After the corrections I put on the latin sail, but first I had to "fill it" with wind, since the sails are swollen as if the wind came from the stern, even if it is not the best condition to sail with the sails

to do this I used the usual system, water and pva,

 

but before moving on to the installation I ordered the maneuvers of the quarterdeck, cleaning the bridge from the pieces of wire and ending them at the ankles with skeins or alternatively on the bridge,

 

later I laid the Latin sail of the mizzen mast

see you next time

black Wolf