Jump to content

HMS Revenge 1577 by GrandpaPhil - 1/64 - CARD - from Victory Models Plans


Recommended Posts

The one power tool that I typically end up using for model making:

IMG_7732.thumb.jpeg.90feb6ae22e4163afb0b8b62c2fafbde.jpeg
That’s a cheap drill I bought nearly twenty years ago.
 

There’s nothing better for drilling things like hawse holes and mast holes in models.


It also works quite well for drilling out mounting points on plastic model aircraft if you plan to display them on a flight stand.

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Wow, you are really zipping through this build! It's looking great. Having not seen one of your builds before I thought the beginning was looking a little rough-and-ready. But she's turning into a beauty!

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Jeff,

  Thank you very much!  This build did start out rough, lol.  This was a very spur of the moment build and I’ve been testing out a lot of new techniques.  I’ve been enjoying this build a lot.

 

And, I got sidetracked again and decided to make the figurehead since I need to do more carving for the head, anyway:
IMG_7733.thumb.jpeg.c9dcafa7eaa1cb53be9f97b7d9b4f193.jpeg
This is out of a wooden puzzle piece.  
 

I have a bin (a small plastic tote box) full of Jenga blocks and those wood puzzle pieces that I got at yard sales for crafts and to use as carving blocks.

 

The wood is relatively dense and holds detail okay.

 

This is the third figurehead that I have carved.

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Making progress on the figurehead:

IMG_7735.thumb.jpeg.acdd277d87fb32c69c0be3345de37cfe.jpeg

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

The figurehead is carved:

IMG_7738.thumb.jpeg.3ddac000029edc379b6bc07173710f78.jpegIMG_7737.thumb.jpeg.1a543eb24412e18287463406a68ca494.jpeg
That wooden block worked really well.

 

It took me about 5-6 hours to carve that.

 

It was slow going because it was definitely some kind of hardwood, but it never once split out or broke, even for small details.  
 

That entire piece is 7/8” (22mm) long.

 

It’s not perfect, but I am happy with it.

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Thank you all very much for all the “likes” and for stopping by!
 

The head grating is on and drying:

IMG_7742.thumb.jpeg.8ad7939e77c0a9b791f29e368ae5af0f.jpeg
The head bulwarks are drying under glass:

IMG_7743.thumb.jpeg.6bb80dd356e4c6a98f6a806b0fafe2c8.jpeg

IMG_7744.thumb.jpeg.f3304b57d2dcab91f0342c5a9318f688.jpeg

Next up is to carve the scrollwork:

IMG_7746.thumb.jpeg.10a1558655e932dc571bf2eeaaee4528.jpeg

Then to paint and assemble it all.

 

Sometime in there I need to make a couple of seats of ease.

 

It is also time to make belaying pins.

 

I believe that I will carve them from toothpicks using a scalpel.

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Here is the head grating on the model:

IMG_7775.thumb.jpeg.3ef05dbff8e9c53c8a14ce1383671fbf.jpeg

With a side on shot of the model:

IMG_7774.thumb.jpeg.1b9bacdb3649a439ebe31e4ae1254030.jpeg

The first scrollwork piece is cut out and glued to a carving board for final carving:

IMG_7773.thumb.jpeg.47a706b86418a1d4310182001a358a17.jpeg

It took six hours of very minute and precise cutting/carving to cut that out.

 

It will be well worth the extra effort when it is finished and installed!

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

You really do wonderful, painstaking work. Amazing.

Richard

 

Next build:

Completed builds:

AL's Endeavour,  Corel's BellonaAmati's Xebec,  Billing's Roar Ege, Panart's Armed Launch

Ships' Boats - Vanguard 1:64 and Master Korabel 1:72

 Alexander Arbuthnot,  Christiaan Brunings,  Pevenseall by World of Paperships

HMS Pegasus by Victory

Captain John Smith's Shallop by Pavel Nitikin

Rumpler "Taube" 1911 by HMV

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Thank you very much!

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

I saw something on this forum that gave me an idea on model construction that I would like to try out really quick.

 

I am using a ship from Ab Hoving’s 17th Dutch Century Merchant Ships to try it out on.

 

I’ll be back to the Revenge shortly.

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

On 2/11/2024 at 7:39 AM, GrandpaPhil said:

I saw something on this forum that gave me an idea on model construction that I would like to try out really quick.

 

I am using a ship from Ab Hoving’s 17th Dutch Century Merchant Ships to try it out on.


I’m very curious about what you’re going to build from Hoving’s book. 
 

-Nosy Meriadoc

Link to comment
Share on other sites

3 hours ago, Meriadoc Brandybuck said:


I’m very curious about what you’re going to build from Hoving’s book. 
 

-Nosy Meriadoc

Meriadoc,

  I am building the cat ship out of his book.  The book and the plans are excellent.  I strongly recommend them.  This is my first time building from a book from Seawatch Books.

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

On 2/20/2024 at 9:05 PM, GrandpaPhil said:

I am building the cat ship out of his book.

Interesting choice. I can’t wait to see it take shape. 
 

I have the book; it’s one of my most prized possessions with all its magnificent plans.  Given enough time I’d like to build everything in it and make my own variations like Ab does. For now I’ve started preparing to build a little kaag and pink sometime this year or so.  Perfect little finishable projects, unlike my Badger. 
 

Meriadoc

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 1 month later...
Posted (edited)

Meriadoc,

It is a most excellent book and is one that I value quite a lot.

 

In other news, Esther’s hull is nearing completion.

 

I need to make 48 belaying pins for Esther and since the Revenge would have had similar sizing, and they are in the same scale, I am going to make the 110 belaying pins for the Revenge at the same time.

 

They will most likely be made from toothpicks, carefully carved with a scalpel.

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

On 3/25/2024 at 10:12 AM, GrandpaPhil said:

They will most likely be made from toothpicks, carefully carved with a scalpel.

I’m interested to hear how that goes. 
 

I’ve some very small and thin stunsail booms and yards to manufacture at 1:100. I’ve been sanding down bamboo dowels to the right diameter, and am also considering brass wire for the tiny yards. 
 

Meriadoc 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Bamboo shaves down really well and holds reasonable strength.

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Posted (edited)

Thank you very much, Steven!

 

IMG_8235.thumb.jpeg.fadb6b40811f3e9fe52422b2b0ed597a.jpeg
The belaying pins have been begun!

 

In times past, I just used pieces of straight pins, but I want to get better so I am making actual belaying pins.

 

I am making 170 of these, 48 for Esther, 110 for Revenge and 12 for the Part Dimension (where little pieces going flying to and are never seen again, or found six months after finishing the project, always in plain sight).

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Posted (edited)

Yes, but there’s a lot of repetition with everything when it comes to a ship.

 

That’s the most difficult part of this hobby.

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • 2 weeks later...

Here’s all 170 belaying pins for both Esther and Revenge (108 of them go to the Revenge):

IMG_8267.thumb.jpeg.052a12e4c80a437e937888cd4f2edc4f.jpeg

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

  • The title was changed to HMS Revenge 1577 by GrandpaPhil - 1/64 - CARD - from Victory Models Plans
  • 3 weeks later...

 

 

On 4/10/2024 at 8:46 PM, GrandpaPhil said:

Here’s all 170 belaying pins for both Esther and Revenge (108 of them go to the Revenge):

Hi Phil,

 

Sorry to say after all your hard work,  but unless Revenge was an exception she had no belaying pins as English ships did not usually use belaying pins until about 160 years later than the time of Revenge.  Lines were secured to cleats, bitts, and rails but not belaying pins.   

 

Regarding the Esther, did the Dutch, like the Swedish, use pins a bit earlier than the English navy?    

 

Allan

Edited by allanyed

PLEASE take 30 SECONDS and sign up for the epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series.   Click on http://trafalgar.tv   There is no cost other than the 30 seconds of your time.  THANK YOU

 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

4 hours ago, allanyed said:

Regarding the Esther, did the Dutch, like the Swedish, use pins a bit earlier than the English navy?    

I do not know for sure.  “Esther” would have been privately owned, much like an owner-operator semi driver.

 

I am using the plans for the “Peacock” in Ab Hoving’s “17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships” for that build.


I am building as drawn except for the transom painting and the two caryatids I added to the companionway door.

 

What about “Vasa” and “Sovereign of the Seas”?

 

Would those have had belaying pins?

Edited by GrandpaPhil

Building: 1:64 HMS Revenge (Victory Models plans)

1:64 Cat Esther (17th Century Dutch Merchant Ships)
 

On the building slip: 1:72 French Ironclad Magenta (original shipyard plans)

 

On hold: 1:98 Mantua HMS Victory (kit bash), 1:96 Shipyard HMS Mercury

 

Favorite finished builds:  1:60 Sampang Good Fortune (Amati plans), 1:200 Orel Ironclad Solferino, 1:72 Schooner Hannah (Hahn plans), 1:72 Privateer Prince de Neufchatel (Chapelle plans), Model Shipways Sultana, Heller La Reale, Encore USS Olympia

 

Goal: Become better than I was yesterday

 

"The hardest part is deciding to try." - me

Link to comment
Share on other sites

32 minutes ago, GrandpaPhil said:

What about “Vasa” and “Sovereign of the Seas”?

It is my understanding that Vasa had pins, but I do not know about Sovereign of the Seas.  If she followed common practice for British ships of the line for that era she would not have had any.  The model of SoS built circa 1830 which is held by RMG has no belaying pins.  Other 100 gun ship models as late as 1725 held by RMG  have no belaying pins so it may be safe to assume SoS would not have any either.   Belaying points shown on drawings in Lees show a first rate built to the 1733 Establishment and may be a good guide for other British first rates of that era and earlier as he describes in drawing and text where every line is belayed.  There is no mention of any belaying pins.

Allan

Edited by allanyed

PLEASE take 30 SECONDS and sign up for the epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series.   Click on http://trafalgar.tv   There is no cost other than the 30 seconds of your time.  THANK YOU

 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Good Afternoon Allan;

 

Sorry to say this, but please check your memory, as Phil is actually correct; and this subject has been discussed at least twice before. Belaying pins were used in the early 17th century, and can be seen on early models (granted that the earliest surviving models date from the mid seventeenth century)

 

Henry Mainwayring, a noted seafarer of the times of Elizabeth and James I, described belaying pins in his nautical dictionary, which he wrote around 1623. I am not sure, but I believe that they are also mentioned in a treatise on rigging which R C Anderson believed dated from around 1620 (must check that)

 

So carry on Phil; all I would say is do not place racks of belaying pins inside the bulwarks everywhere, as this might well be not historically accurate. In this respect Allan is correct, and it is this configuration which did not appear until later in the era of sail.

 

All the best,

 

Mark P

 

 

Previously built models (long ago, aged 18-25ish) POB construction. 32 gun frigate, scratch-built sailing model, Underhill plans.

2 masted topsail schooner, Underhill plans.

 

Started at around that time, but unfinished: 74 gun ship 'Bellona' NMM plans. POB 

 

On the drawing board: POF model of Royal Caroline 1749, part-planked with interior details. My own plans, based on Admiralty draughts and archival research.

 

Always on the go: Research into Royal Navy sailing warship design, construction and use, from Tudor times to 1790. 

 

Member of NRG, SNR, NRS, SMS

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Thank you very much Mark, a good knock on the head as a reminder is always welcome. 😀    As mentioned there seems to have always been exceptions, but what was the norm?  Looking at many dozens of examples, I am still somewhat convinced (maybe a little less than before) the St. George model at Preble Hall, which I believe is the one to which Anderson refers, is one of the exceptions, not the rule.

Thanks again!  

Allan

Edited by allanyed

PLEASE take 30 SECONDS and sign up for the epic Nelson/Trafalgar project if you would like to see it made into a TV series.   Click on http://trafalgar.tv   There is no cost other than the 30 seconds of your time.  THANK YOU

 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Thanks Allan;

 

This is too wide-ranging a field for us to know all of it. Belaying pins were certainly used from the Tudor times, but in combination with many other belaying points. As ships developed, and rigs became more and more complicated, the number of ropes needing to be belayed multiplied, and it is easy to imagine that racks of pins in the bulwarks rationalised the forest of ropes coming down the rigging.

 

In addition, pin racks on the inside of the shrouds were definitely in use by 1750.

 

One day I hope to produce a typical English belaying plan for the early 17th century and late Tudor period. Just have to live long enough!

 

All the best,

 

Mark P 

Previously built models (long ago, aged 18-25ish) POB construction. 32 gun frigate, scratch-built sailing model, Underhill plans.

2 masted topsail schooner, Underhill plans.

 

Started at around that time, but unfinished: 74 gun ship 'Bellona' NMM plans. POB 

 

On the drawing board: POF model of Royal Caroline 1749, part-planked with interior details. My own plans, based on Admiralty draughts and archival research.

 

Always on the go: Research into Royal Navy sailing warship design, construction and use, from Tudor times to 1790. 

 

Member of NRG, SNR, NRS, SMS

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Excellent work Phil.

 

OC.

Current builds  


28mm  Battle of Waterloo   attack on La Haye Saint   Diorama.

1/700  HMS Hood   Flyhawk   with  PE, Resin  and Wood Decking.

 

 

 

Completed works.

 

Dragon 1/700 HMS Edinburgh type 42 batch 3 Destroyer plastic.

HMS Warspite Academy 1/350 plastic kit and wem parts.

HMS Trafalgar Airfix 1/350 submarine  plastic.

Black Pearl  1/72  Revell   with  pirate crew.

Revell  1/48  Mosquito  B IV

Eduard  1/48  Spitfire IX

ICM    1/48   Seafire Mk.III   Special Conversion

1/48  Kinetic  Sea Harrier  FRS1

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

  • Recently Browsing   0 members

    • No registered users viewing this page.
×
×
  • Create New...